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Unobtrusive Monitoring of Clinical Deterioration in Smart Homes Publisher Pubmed



Rostam Niakan Kalhori S1, 2 ; Tanhapour M3 ; Deserno TM1
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics of TU Braunschweig, Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, Germany
  2. 2. Department of Health Information Management and Medical Informatics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

Source: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics Published:2024


Abstract

Clinical deterioration (CD) is the physiological decompensation that incurs care escalation, protracted hospital stays, or even death. The early warning score (EWS) calculates the occurrence of CD based on five vital signs. However, there are limited reports regarding EWS monitoring in smart home settings. This study aims to design a CD detection system for health monitoring at home (HM@H) that automatically identifies unstable vital signs and alarms the medical emergency team. We conduct a requirement analysis by interviewing experts. We use unified modeling language (UML) diagrams to define the behavioral and structural aspects of HM@H. We developed a prototype using a SQL-based database and Python to calculate the EWS in the front end. A team of five experts assessed the accuracy and validity of the designed system. The requirement analysis for four main users yielded 30 data elements and 10 functions. Three main components of HM@H are the graphical user interface (GUI), the application programming interface (API), and the server. Results show the possibility of using unobtrusive sensors to collect smart home residents' vital signs and calculate their EWS scores in real-time. However, further implementation with real data, for frail elderly and hospital-discharged patients is required. © 2024 The Authors.