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Malnutrition, Prevalence and Relation to Some Risk Factors Among Elderly Residents of Nursing Homes in Tehran, Iran



Nazemi L1, 2, 3 ; Skoog I4 ; Karlsson I4 ; Hosseini S2, 3 ; Mohammadi MHR5 ; Hosseini M6 ; Hosseinzade MJ2, 3 ; Mesbahnamin SA7 ; Baikpour M8
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Dept. of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetic, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Dept. of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unite, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgren-ska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
  5. 5. Psychiatry Research Center, Rozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Dept. of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Public Health Published:2015

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition and dehydration are two most common types of ailments residents of nursing homes (NH) prone to. It is very important to assess these problems because they can predispose the residents to severe ill-nesses. The aim of this study was to gather information on nutritional status and its associated risk factors in elderly residents of NHs in Tehran, Iran. Methods: From 16 NHs in Tehran, 263 residents were randomly selected. Data were collected via questionnaires, including demographic characteristics, past medical history, present health problems and daily routines. The MNA questionnaire was used to gather information regarding their nutritional status. Results: The present study showed that 10.3% of the elderly residents in nursing homes were malnourished. 66.4% of males and 70.8% of females were at risk of malnutrition. Multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for con-founders the following elderly-related factors were the independent risk factors of malnutrition: consuming half or less than of the food (OR=8.0, 95%CI=3.7-17.7), having no teeth or good prosthesis (OR=1.7, 95%CI=1.1-2.7), diabetes (OR=1.6, 95%CI=1.1-2.4), smoking (OR=0.6, 95%CI=0.3-1.2), studying (OR=0.4 95%CI=0.2-0.9) and praying in their free time (OR=1.8 95%CI=1.2-2.6). Conclusion: The subjects’ health-related factors and their free-time activities and nutritional behavior are the most important factors associated with poor nutrition among elderly residents of NHs; however, further investigation is needed to clarify the role of other factors in maintaining a suitable nutritional plan for them. © 2015, Iranian Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved.
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