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Assessing Biological Effects of Yoghurt Consumption Against Acidified Milk: A System Biology Study; [ارزیابی اثرات بیولوژیکی مصرف ماست در مقایسه با شیر اسیدی شده: یک مطالعه سیستم بیولوژی] Publisher



Nejad MR1 ; Razi F2 ; Razzaghi Z3 ; Bandarian F4 ; Arjmand B5, 6 ; Rezaeitavirani M7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Celiac Disease and Gluten Related Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Laser application in medical sciences research center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Iranian Cancer Control Center (MACSA), Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Proteomics Research Center, System Biology Institute, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Applied Food Biotechnology Published:2024


Abstract

Background and Objective: Yoghurt is a fermented milk product by bacteria; a process including transformation of lactose and galactose to lactic acid. In other words, milk acidification is a critical step in the industrial process to produce various dairy foods and components such as yogurt and caseinates. This study aimed to assess yoghurt effects on gene expression of human whole blood against acidified milk. Material and Methods: Whole blood gene expression changes of yoghurt consumers against individuals that received acidified milks were retrieved from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database and pre-assessed via GEO2R program to find significant differentially expressed genes (DEG). Significant DEGs were assessed via director protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and gene ontology enrichment to investigate critical genes and targeted biological processes. Results and Conclusion: Pre-assessment analysis showed that whole blood gene expression profiles of the yoghurt group changed (characterized by 37 significant DEGs) while samples of acidified milk consumers included no significant alterations. Moreover, PPI network analyses showed that RPSA, RPS5, RPS14, PABPC1, DDX60L, FEN1, MRPL12 and KAT6A were the highlighted significant DEGs. Based on the gene ontology, enrichment biosynthesis of ceruloplasmin was addressed as the targeted biological process. It was concluded that yoghurt included significant effects on gene expression profiles of whole blood while acidified milk did not. Downregulation of genes that were involved in ceruloplasmin production and function was highlighted as the major event in blood of yoghurt consumers. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. © This open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 License (CC BY-NC 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.