Mental Health Stigma in Iran: A Systematic Review Publisher



A Taghva ARSIA ; A Hajebi AHAMD ; Aa Noorbala Ahmadali ALI ; M Khademi MOJGAN ; A Asadi ALI ; Am Rahnejat Amir MOHSEN ; K Alizadeh KAMYAB ; Mr Shalbafan Mohammadreza REZA ; J Bolhari JAFAR ; Ss Hashemian Seyed SEPEHR
Source: Stigma and Health Published:2024

Abstract

There is a need to understand stigma and strategies which can effectively decrease the rate of stigma in the Iranian population. The objective of this review was to summarize the available literature on stigma-related research toward people with mental health conditions (MHCs) in Iran. A systematic search across various databases identified relevant studies published in English and Persian. Inclusion criteria focused on original observational and interventional studies examining mental health stigma in Iran. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Consensus among authors ensured accuracy and consistency in the review process. Thirty-eight articles met criteria for data extraction. The studies covered various Iranian cities and involved individuals with MHCs, the public, families, health care professionals, and students. Sample sizes ranged from 12 to 800 subjects, with most articles published between 2015 and 2022. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used, with data collection methods including focus groups and interviews. Although the rate of public stigma was acceptable in the general population, internalized and perceived stigma had high levels among Iranians with MHCs and their caregivers. Moreover, the high rates of professional stigmatization are reflected in health care providers. Media has a significant role in stigmatizing attitudes and also can be a vital tool for reducing stigma. The available evidence shows that mental health stigma in Iran is a public health priority that needs serious interventions. There is an urgent need to increase the knowledge of society about MHCs to reduce stigma. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.