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Patient's Height and Hip Medial Offset Are the Main Determinants of the Valgus Cut Angle During Total Knee Arthroplasty Publisher Pubmed



Drexler M1 ; Abolghasemian M2 ; Barbuto R3 ; Naini MS4 ; Voshmeh N5 ; Rutenberg TF1 ; Schwarzkopf R6 ; Backstein DJ7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
  2. 2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Hospital, IUMS, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
  4. 4. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Orthopaedics, NYU Langone Medical Center's Hospital for Joint Diseases, White Plains, New York, United States
  7. 7. Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada

Source: Journal of Arthroplasty Published:2017


Abstract

Background Valgus cut angle (VCA), defined as the angle between the anatomical and the mechanical axes of femur, is an important parameter upon which a critical step of knee arthroplasty is based. Some variables have been proposed to affect the magnitude of this cut. However, little information is available regarding whether a generic value can be used, or if a patient-specific value from a long leg X-ray, or factors that can be determined preoperatively, is necessary to accurately set the VCA. Methods Standard standing 3-joint views were used to measure a number of anatomical measurements in 358 limbs, 202 patients (116 women, 86 men). Neck-shaft angle, medial offset, femoral length (FL), distal femoral articular angle, and VCA were measured. Demographic data including gender and height were extracted from hospital charts. The correlation of VCA with each of the other factors was evaluated using linear regression and t-test and finally multivariate analysis. Results The average VCA was 5.76° (range 4-8). Gender and distal femoral articular angle were not related to VCA (P = .343 and .995). FL was found to be a function of height with similar effects on multivariate analysis. Only the height (or FL) and femoral offset were identified as independent factors, with a negative correlation for the former (P < .001) and a positive correlation for the latter (P < .001). Conclusion Femoral offset and height are the 2 independent factors determining VCA. Other parameters are indirectly related to these 2 factors. Tall patients with a small femoral offset have smaller VCA and short patients with a large offset have larger VCA. The wide variety of VCA values does not support using a generic value for all patients during knee arthroplasty. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.
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