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Lower Extremity Joint Kinematics in Individuals With and Without Bilateral Knee Osteoarthritis During Normal and Narrow-Base Walking: A Cross-Sectional Study Publisher



Shafizadegan Z1 ; Rasouli O2 ; Sarrafzadeh J3 ; Farahmand F4 ; Salehi R5, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), Oslo, Norway
  3. 3. Iranian Center of Excellence in Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Geriatric Mental Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Knee Published:2025


Abstract

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disease affecting joint mechanics. Considering the effect of step-width changes on the biomechanics of gait, especially the alteration of stability dynamics during narrow-base gait, this study investigated the kinematic parameters of the lower extremities during both normal and narrow-base walking in individuals with and without KOA. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 20 individuals with bilateral KOA and 20 controls was conducted. Participants walked on a treadmill at a preferred speed across normal and narrow paths. Joint angles and angular velocities in the sagittal and frontal planes were recorded, and mixed ANOVA was used to analyze group × condition effects. Results: Significant main effects of walking condition were observed for hip (p = 0.001) and ankle angles (p = 0.002) in the frontal plane, and knee (p = 0.004) and ankle angular velocities (p = 0.002) in the sagittal plane. Moreover, there were significant main effects of group on the hip (p = 0.01) and knee angles (p = 0.04) in the sagittal plane. KOA group showed higher peak hip adduction (p < 0.001) and ankle inversion (p = 0.02]) during narrow-base walking than on the normal path. People with KOA had also significantly higher peak angular velocity of knee flexion (p = 0.03), ankle dorsiflexion (p = 0.002), and ankle inversion (p = 0.03) during narrow-base walking. Conclusions: The findings suggest that KOA and narrow-base gait challenges may trigger distinct kinematic adaptation strategies, potentially contributing to cartilage degeneration and altering balance mechanisms. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
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