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Molecular Evolution and Phylodynamics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Circulating in Iran Publisher Pubmed



Mozhgani SH1, 2 ; Malekpour SA3, 4 ; Norouzi M1, 2 ; Ramezani F1 ; Rezaee SA5 ; Poortahmasebi V1 ; Sadeghi M6 ; Alavian SM7 ; Zareighobadi M1 ; Ghaziasadi A1 ; Karimzadeh H8 ; Malekzadeh R9 ; Ziaee M10 ; Abedi F11 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Mozhgani SH1, 2
  2. Malekpour SA3, 4
  3. Norouzi M1, 2
  4. Ramezani F1
  5. Rezaee SA5
  6. Poortahmasebi V1
  7. Sadeghi M6
  8. Alavian SM7
  9. Zareighobadi M1
  10. Ghaziasadi A1
  11. Karimzadeh H8
  12. Malekzadeh R9
  13. Ziaee M10
  14. Abedi F11
  15. Ataei B12
  16. Yaran M12
  17. Sayad B13
  18. Jahantigh HR5
  19. Somi MH14
  20. Sarizadeh G15
  21. Saneimoghaddam I16
  22. Mansourghanaei F17
  23. Keyvani H18
  24. Kalantari E19
  25. Fakhari Z1
  26. Geravand B20
  27. Jazayeri SM1, 2

Source: Archives of Virology Published:2018


Abstract

Previous local and national Iranian publications indicate that all Iranian hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains belong to HBV genotype D. The aim of this study was to analyze the evolutionary history of HBV infection in Iran for the first time, based on an intensive phylodynamic study. The evolutionary parameters, time to most recent common ancestor (tMRCA), and the population dynamics of infections were investigated using the Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov chain (BMCMC). The effective sample size (ESS) and sampling convergence were then monitored. After sampling from the posterior distribution of the nucleotide substitution rate and other evolutionary parameters, the point estimations (median) of these parameters were obtained. All Iranian HBV isolates were of genotype D, sub-type ayw2. The origin of HBV is regarded as having evolved first on the eastern border, before moving westward, where Isfahan province then hosted the virus. Afterwards, the virus moved to the south and west of the country. The tMRCA of HBV in Iran was estimated to be around 1894, with a 95% credible interval between the years 1701 and 1957. The effective number of infections increased exponentially from around 1925 to 1960. Conversely, from around 1992 onwards, the effective number of HBV infections has decreased at a very high rate. Phylodynamic inference clearly demonstrates a unique homogenous pattern of HBV genotype D compatible with a steady configuration of the decreased effective number of infections in the population in recent years, possibly due to the implementation of blood donation screening and vaccination programs. Adequate molecular epidemiology databases for HBV are crucial for infection prevention and treatment programs. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.
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