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Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of Different Vitamins and Minerals in Covid-19 Patients Publisher Pubmed



Fath MK1 ; Naderi M2, 3 ; Hamzavi H4 ; Ganji M5 ; Shabani S5 ; Ghahroodi FN6 ; Khalesi B7 ; Pourzardosht N8 ; Hashemi ZS9 ; Khalili S10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of life Science and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Biology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
  8. 8. Biochemistry Department, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
  9. 9. ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology Published:2022


Abstract

COVID-19 is a rapidly spreading disease, which has caught the world by surprise. Millions of people suffer from illness, and the mortality rates are dramatically high. Currently, there is no specific and immediate treatment for this disease. Remedies are limited to supportive regiments and few antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. The lack of a definite cure for COVID-19 is the reason behind its high mortality and global prevalence. COVID-19 can lead to a critical illness with severe respiratory distress and cytokine release. Increased oxidative stress and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines are vital components of severe COVID-19. Micronutrients, metalloids, and vitamins such as iron, manganese, selenium, Zinc, Copper, vitamin A, B family, and C are among the essential and trace elements that play a pivotal role in human nutrition and health. They participate in metabolic processes that lead to energy production. In addition, they support immune functions and act as antioxidants. Therefore, maintaining an optimal level of micronutrients intake, particularly those with antioxidant activities, is essential to fight against oxidative stress, modulate inflammation, and boost the immune system. Therefore, these factors could play a crucial role in COVID-19 prevention and treatment. In this review, we aimed to summarize antiviral properties of different vitamins and minerals. Moreover, we will investigate the correlation between them and their effects in COVID-19 patients. © 2022 Elsevier GmbH
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