The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort

The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort Publisher Pubmed

Floris A ; Laconi R ; Chadli S ; Laymouna A ; Hegazy MT ; Yagiz Ozogul Y ; Ozguler Y ; Serpa Pinto L ; Alikhani M ; Oliveira NL ; Sota J ; Lopalco G ; Carboni P ; Poddighe D Show All Authors

Floris A
Laconi R
Chadli S
Laymouna A
Hegazy MT
Yagiz Ozogul Y
Ozguler Y
Serpa Pinto L
Alikhani M
Oliveira NL
Sota J
Lopalco G
Carboni P
Poddighe D
Kougkas N
Khabbazi A
De Souza AWS
Lo Monaco A
Espinosa G
Butendieck Rr JR
Govoni M
Issayeva B
Iannone F
Fabiani C
Cantarini L
Shahram F
Araujo Correia J
Tazi Mezalek Z
Ragab G
Arnaud L
Cauli A
Hatemi G
Piga M
Avgerou P
Akhlaghi M
Faezi ST
Filho FP

Source: Rheumatology Published:2026

Abstract

Objective To examine the influence of demographics on organ damage in a broad, multiethnic cohort of patients with Behcet's syndrome (BS). Methods In this cross-sectional ancillary analysis of the PROBE project, the investigated demographic variables were sex, age, education level and geographic area of residence. Damage was measured by the BS Overall Damage Index (BODI). Multivariate linear (β) and logistic (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR]) regression analyses examined associations between demographics and the extent and prevalence of damage. Results A total of 970 patients were enrolled. The median (interquartile range) age was 40 (31-50) years; 56.5% were males; 21.4% had a low level of education. The median BODI score was 1 (0-3), with 65.6% of patients having a BODI ≥1. Males had higher damage (β 0.103) and a higher prevalence of total (adjOR 1.7, per 10 years), ocular (adjOR 1.6), and vascular (adjOR 2.1) damage. Age was associated with greater damage (β 0.104), and a higher prevalence of overall (adjOR 1.4), neuropsychiatric (adjOR 1.2) and miscellaneous (adjOR 2.0) damage. Low education was associated with a greater frequency of overall (adjOR 1.9) and ocular (adjOR 1.6) damage. North African patients experienced greater damage than South European (β 0.400) and Middle Eastern (β 0.314) patients, as well as a higher risk of overall damage (adjOR 13.9 and 10.7, respectively) across all organ domains, except for the reproductive and gastrointestinal systems. Conclusions This study demonstrates how the extent, prevalence and characteristics of damage in BS vary with demographic factors, underscoring their importance in research and personalized management. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology.

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Floris A, et al.. "The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort." Rheumatology, vol. 65, no. 2, 2026, pp. -.
APA	Floris A, Laconi R, Chadli S, Laymouna A, Hegazy MT, Yagiz Ozogul Y, Ozguler Y, Serpa Pinto L, Alikhani M, Oliveira NL, Sota J, Lopalco G, Carboni P, Poddighe D, Kougkas N, Khabbazi A, De Souza AWS, Lo Monaco A, Espinosa G, ... Filho FP (2026). The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort. Rheumatology, 65(2), -.
Chicago	Floris A, Laconi R, Chadli S, Laymouna A, Hegazy MT, Yagiz Ozogul Y, Ozguler Y, et al.. "The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort." Rheumatology 65, no. 2 (2026): -.
Harvard	Floris A et al. (2026) 'The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort', Rheumatology, 65(2), pp. -.
Vancouver	Floris A, Laconi R, Chadli S, Laymouna A, Hegazy MT, Yagiz Ozogul Y, et al.. The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort. Rheumatology. 2026;65(2):-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Floris A and Laconi R and Chadli S and Laymouna A and Hegazy MT and Yagiz Ozogul Y and Ozguler Y and Serpa Pinto L and Alikhani M and Oliveira NL and Sota J and Lopalco G and Carboni P and Poddighe D and Kougkas N and Khabbazi A and De Souza AWS and Lo Monaco A and Espinosa G and Butendieck Rr JR and Govoni M and Issayeva B and Iannone F and Fabiani C and Cantarini L and Shahram F and Araujo Correia J and Tazi Mezalek Z and Ragab G and Arnaud L and Cauli A and Hatemi G and Piga M and Avgerou P and Akhlaghi M and Faezi ST and Filho FP}, title = {The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort}, journal = {Rheumatology}, volume = {65}, number = {2}, pages = {-}, year = {2026} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Floris A AU - Laconi R AU - Chadli S AU - Laymouna A AU - Hegazy MT AU - Yagiz Ozogul Y AU - Ozguler Y AU - Serpa Pinto L AU - Alikhani M AU - Oliveira NL AU - Sota J AU - Lopalco G AU - Carboni P AU - Poddighe D AU - Kougkas N AU - Khabbazi A AU - De Souza AWS AU - Lo Monaco A AU - Espinosa G AU - Butendieck Rr JR AU - Govoni M AU - Issayeva B AU - Iannone F AU - Fabiani C AU - Cantarini L AU - Shahram F AU - Araujo Correia J AU - Tazi Mezalek Z AU - Ragab G AU - Arnaud L AU - Cauli A AU - Hatemi G AU - Piga M AU - Avgerou P AU - Akhlaghi M AU - Faezi ST AU - Filho FP TI - The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort JO - Rheumatology VL - 65 IS - 2 SP - EP - PY - 2026 ER -

Style

Citing Format

MLA

Floris A, et al.. "The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort." Rheumatology, vol. 65, no. 2, 2026, pp. -.

APA

Floris A, Laconi R, Chadli S, Laymouna A, Hegazy MT, Yagiz Ozogul Y, Ozguler Y, Serpa Pinto L, Alikhani M, Oliveira NL, Sota J, Lopalco G, Carboni P, Poddighe D, Kougkas N, Khabbazi A, De Souza AWS, Lo Monaco A, Espinosa G, ... Filho FP (2026). The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort. Rheumatology, 65(2), -.

Chicago

Floris A, Laconi R, Chadli S, Laymouna A, Hegazy MT, Yagiz Ozogul Y, Ozguler Y, et al.. "The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort." Rheumatology 65, no. 2 (2026): -.

Harvard

Floris A et al. (2026) 'The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort', Rheumatology, 65(2), pp. -.

Vancouver

Floris A, Laconi R, Chadli S, Laymouna A, Hegazy MT, Yagiz Ozogul Y, et al.. The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort. Rheumatology. 2026;65(2):-.

BibTex

@article{ author = {Floris A and Laconi R and Chadli S and Laymouna A and Hegazy MT and Yagiz Ozogul Y and Ozguler Y and Serpa Pinto L and Alikhani M and Oliveira NL and Sota J and Lopalco G and Carboni P and Poddighe D and Kougkas N and Khabbazi A and De Souza AWS and Lo Monaco A and Espinosa G and Butendieck Rr JR and Govoni M and Issayeva B and Iannone F and Fabiani C and Cantarini L and Shahram F and Araujo Correia J and Tazi Mezalek Z and Ragab G and Arnaud L and Cauli A and Hatemi G and Piga M and Avgerou P and Akhlaghi M and Faezi ST and Filho FP}, title = {The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort}, journal = {Rheumatology}, volume = {65}, number = {2}, pages = {-}, year = {2026} }

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Floris A
AU - Laconi R
AU - Chadli S
AU - Laymouna A
AU - Hegazy MT
AU - Yagiz Ozogul Y
AU - Ozguler Y
AU - Serpa Pinto L
AU - Alikhani M
AU - Oliveira NL
AU - Sota J
AU - Lopalco G
AU - Carboni P
AU - Poddighe D
AU - Kougkas N
AU - Khabbazi A
AU - De Souza AWS
AU - Lo Monaco A
AU - Espinosa G
AU - Butendieck Rr JR
AU - Govoni M
AU - Issayeva B
AU - Iannone F
AU - Fabiani C
AU - Cantarini L
AU - Shahram F
AU - Araujo Correia J
AU - Tazi Mezalek Z
AU - Ragab G
AU - Arnaud L
AU - Cauli A
AU - Hatemi G
AU - Piga M
AU - Avgerou P
AU - Akhlaghi M
AU - Faezi ST
AU - Filho FP
TI - The Impact of Demographics on Organ Damage in Behcet's Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the International Probe Cohort
JO - Rheumatology
VL - 65
IS - 2
SP -
EP -
PY - 2026
ER -

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Abstract