The Beneficial Effects of Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Products and Their Bioactive Compounds on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Patients With Diabetes: A Grade-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



A Jafari ALI ; H Mardani HELIA ; F Ghalichi FAEZEH ; F Talebian FATEMEH ; F Mokhtary FARZANEH ; F Razavi FATEMEH ; G Eslamian GHAZALEH
Source: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews Published:2025

Abstract

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of sesame supplementation on glycemic control, lipid profile, anthropometric measures, liver enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, blood pressure, and oxidative stress parameters in patients with diabetes. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to August 2024. Eligible studies evaluated the effects of sesame supplementation on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDs). Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Study quality and evidence strength were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, respectively. Results: Thirteen studies, including 731 participants with intervention durations ranging from 6 to 12 weeks, were analyzed. Sesame supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose (WMD = −28.48; 95 % CI: 37.66, −19.30; P < 0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD = −0.98; 95 % CI: 1.95, −0.02; P = 0.045), postprandial blood glucose (WMD = −15.90; 95 % CI: 21.59, −10.20; P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD = −29.72; 95 % CI: 47.88, −11.55; P = 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = −32.76; 95 % CI: 52.69, −12.84; P = 0.001), triglycerides (TG) (WMD = −33.46; 95 % CI: 51.55, −15.37; P < 0.001), and significantly increased catalase (CAT) (WMD = 3.41; 95 % CI: 2.86, 3.96; P < 0.001), and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) (WMD = 2.76; 95 % CI: 2.30, 3.22; P < 0.001). Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that sesame supplementation significantly improves CVD risk factors in individuals with diabetes, highlighting its potential as a complementary dietary intervention for managing diabetes-related complications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.