Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications

Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications Publisher Pubmed

Yamamoto V^{1, 2, 3, 4} ; Bolanos JF^{1, 2} ; Fiallos J^{1, 2} ; Strand SE^{1, 2} ; Morris K^{1, 2} ; Shahrokhinia S⁵ ; Cushing TR⁶ ; Hopp L⁷ ; Tiwari A^{1, 8} ; Hariri R^{1, 9, 10} ; Sokolov R¹¹ ; Wheeler C^{1, 2, 12} ; Kaushik A¹³ ; Elsayegh A¹⁴ Show All Authors

Yamamoto V^{1, 2, 3, 4}
Bolanos JF^{1, 2}
Fiallos J^{1, 2}
Strand SE^{1, 2}
Morris K^{1, 2}
Shahrokhinia S⁵
Cushing TR⁶
Hopp L⁷
Tiwari A^{1, 8}
Hariri R^{1, 9, 10}
Sokolov R¹¹
Wheeler C^{1, 2, 12}
Kaushik A¹³
Elsayegh A¹⁴
Eliashiv D^{1, 15}
Hedrick R¹⁶
Jafari B¹⁷
Johnson JP^{18, 19}
Khorsandi M²⁰
Gonzalez N¹⁹
Balakhani G²¹
Lahiri S²²
Ghavidel K²³
Amaya M^{1, 2}
Kloor H¹
Hussain N^{1, 24}
Huang E²¹
Cormier J^{1, 25}
Wesson Ashford J^{1, 26}
Wang JC^{1, 27}
Yaghobian S²⁸
Khorrami P²⁹
Shamloo B³⁰
Moon C³²
Shadi P²⁸
Kateb B^{1, 2, 24, 31, 33}

Show Affiliations

1. Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics (SBMT), Los Angeles, CA, United States
2. Brain Mapping Foundation (BMF), Los Angeles, CA, United States
3. USC Keck School of Medicine, USC Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States
4. USC-Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
5. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Nutrition, Los Angeles, CA, United States
6. UCLA-Cedar-Sinai California Rehabilitation Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
7. Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, UCLA Jules Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
8. New York University, Department of Neurology, New York, NY, United States
9. Celularity Corporation, Warren, NJ, United States
10. Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, New York, NY, United States
11. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles, CA, United States
12. T-NeuroPharma, Albuquerque, NM, United States
13. NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Arts, and Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, United States
14. Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Pulmonology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
15. UCLA David Geffen, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
16. Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Los Angeles, CA, United States
17. University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Irvine, CA, United States
18. Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Spine Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States
19. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States
20. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
21. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Nephrology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
22. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Neurology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
23. University of Tehran School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tehran, Iran
24. Loma Linda University, Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda, CA, United States
25. Lafayette Surgical Specialty Hospital, Lafayette, LA, United States
26. Stanford University School of Medicine (Affiliated), Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Department of Veteran's Affair, Palo Alto, CA, United States
27. USC-Keck School of Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA, United States
28. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
29. Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
30. Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Pain Management, Los Angeles, CA, United States
31. National Center for NanoBioElectronic (NCNBE), Los Angeles, CA, United States
32. Cedars Sinai Orthopaedic Center, Department of Orthopedics, Los Angeles, CA, United States
33. Brain Technology and Innovation Park, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Source: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Published:2020

Abstract

COVID-19 is a severe infectious disease that has claimed >150,000 lives and infected millions in the United States thus far, especially the elderly population. Emerging evidence has shown the virus to cause hemorrhagic and immunologic responses, which impact all organs, including lungs, kidneys, and the brain, as well as extremities. SARS-CoV-2 also affects patients', families', and society's mental health at large. There is growing evidence of re-infection in some patients. The goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease, its mechanism of infection, diagnostics, therapeutics, and treatment strategies, while also focusing on less attended aspects by previous studies, including nutritional support, psychological, and rehabilitation of the pandemic and its management. We performed a systematic review of >1,000 articles and included 425 references from online databases, including, PubMed, Google Scholar, and California Baptist University's library. COVID-19 patients go through acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm, acute hypercoagulable state, and autonomic dysfunction, which must be managed by a multidisciplinary team including nursing, nutrition, and rehabilitation. The elderly population and those who are suffering from Alzheimer's disease and dementia related illnesses seem to be at the higher risk. There are 28 vaccines under development, and new treatment strategies/protocols are being investigated. The future management for COVID-19 should include B-cell and T-cell immunotherapy in combination with emerging prophylaxis. The mental health and illness aspect of COVID-19 are among the most important side effects of this pandemic which requires a national plan for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. © 2020 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.

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Nima Rezaei (65)

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Yamamoto V, et al.. "Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 77, no. 2, 2020, pp. 459-504.
APA	Yamamoto V, Bolanos JF, Fiallos J, Strand SE, Morris K, Shahrokhinia S, Cushing TR, Hopp L, Tiwari A, Hariri R, Sokolov R, Wheeler C, Kaushik A, Elsayegh A, Eliashiv D, Hedrick R, Jafari B, Johnson JP, Khorsandi M, ... Kateb B (2020). Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 77(2), 459-504.
Chicago	Yamamoto V, Bolanos JF, Fiallos J, Strand SE, Morris K, Shahrokhinia S, Cushing TR, et al.. "Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 77, no. 2 (2020): 459-504.
Harvard	Yamamoto V et al. (2020) 'Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications', Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 77(2), pp. 459-504.
Vancouver	Yamamoto V, Bolanos JF, Fiallos J, Strand SE, Morris K, Shahrokhinia S, et al.. Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2020;77(2):459-504.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Yamamoto V and Bolanos JF and Fiallos J and Strand SE and Morris K and Shahrokhinia S and Cushing TR and Hopp L and Tiwari A and Hariri R and Sokolov R and Wheeler C and Kaushik A and Elsayegh A and Eliashiv D and Hedrick R and Jafari B and Johnson JP and Khorsandi M and Gonzalez N and Balakhani G and Lahiri S and Ghavidel K and Amaya M and Kloor H and Hussain N and Huang E and Cormier J and Wesson Ashford J and Wang JC and Yaghobian S and Khorrami P and Shamloo B and Moon C and Shadi P and Kateb B}, title = {Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications}, journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease}, volume = {77}, number = {2}, pages = {459-504}, year = {2020} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Yamamoto V AU - Bolanos JF AU - Fiallos J AU - Strand SE AU - Morris K AU - Shahrokhinia S AU - Cushing TR AU - Hopp L AU - Tiwari A AU - Hariri R AU - Sokolov R AU - Wheeler C AU - Kaushik A AU - Elsayegh A AU - Eliashiv D AU - Hedrick R AU - Jafari B AU - Johnson JP AU - Khorsandi M AU - Gonzalez N AU - Balakhani G AU - Lahiri S AU - Ghavidel K AU - Amaya M AU - Kloor H AU - Hussain N AU - Huang E AU - Cormier J AU - Wesson Ashford J AU - Wang JC AU - Yaghobian S AU - Khorrami P AU - Shamloo B AU - Moon C AU - Shadi P AU - Kateb B TI - Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications JO - Journal of Alzheimer's Disease VL - 77 IS - 2 SP - 459 EP - 504 PY - 2020 ER -

Style

Citing Format

MLA

Yamamoto V, et al.. "Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 77, no. 2, 2020, pp. 459-504.

APA

Yamamoto V, Bolanos JF, Fiallos J, Strand SE, Morris K, Shahrokhinia S, Cushing TR, Hopp L, Tiwari A, Hariri R, Sokolov R, Wheeler C, Kaushik A, Elsayegh A, Eliashiv D, Hedrick R, Jafari B, Johnson JP, Khorsandi M, ... Kateb B (2020). Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 77(2), 459-504.

Chicago

Yamamoto V, Bolanos JF, Fiallos J, Strand SE, Morris K, Shahrokhinia S, Cushing TR, et al.. "Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 77, no. 2 (2020): 459-504.

Harvard

Yamamoto V et al. (2020) 'Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications', Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 77(2), pp. 459-504.

Vancouver

Yamamoto V, Bolanos JF, Fiallos J, Strand SE, Morris K, Shahrokhinia S, et al.. Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. 2020;77(2):459-504.

BibTex

@article{ author = {Yamamoto V and Bolanos JF and Fiallos J and Strand SE and Morris K and Shahrokhinia S and Cushing TR and Hopp L and Tiwari A and Hariri R and Sokolov R and Wheeler C and Kaushik A and Elsayegh A and Eliashiv D and Hedrick R and Jafari B and Johnson JP and Khorsandi M and Gonzalez N and Balakhani G and Lahiri S and Ghavidel K and Amaya M and Kloor H and Hussain N and Huang E and Cormier J and Wesson Ashford J and Wang JC and Yaghobian S and Khorrami P and Shamloo B and Moon C and Shadi P and Kateb B}, title = {Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications}, journal = {Journal of Alzheimer's Disease}, volume = {77}, number = {2}, pages = {459-504}, year = {2020} }

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Yamamoto V
AU - Bolanos JF
AU - Fiallos J
AU - Strand SE
AU - Morris K
AU - Shahrokhinia S
AU - Cushing TR
AU - Hopp L
AU - Tiwari A
AU - Hariri R
AU - Sokolov R
AU - Wheeler C
AU - Kaushik A
AU - Elsayegh A
AU - Eliashiv D
AU - Hedrick R
AU - Jafari B
AU - Johnson JP
AU - Khorsandi M
AU - Gonzalez N
AU - Balakhani G
AU - Lahiri S
AU - Ghavidel K
AU - Amaya M
AU - Kloor H
AU - Hussain N
AU - Huang E
AU - Cormier J
AU - Wesson Ashford J
AU - Wang JC
AU - Yaghobian S
AU - Khorrami P
AU - Shamloo B
AU - Moon C
AU - Shadi P
AU - Kateb B
TI - Covid-19: Review of a 21St Century Pandemic From Etiology to Neuro-Psychiatric Implications
JO - Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
VL - 77
IS - 2
SP - 459
EP - 504
PY - 2020
ER -

Science Communicator Platform

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Authors Affiliations

Abstract