High Hiv Prevalence in a Respondent-Driven Sampling Survey of Injection Drug Users in Tehran, Iran Publisher Pubmed



Malekinejad M^{1, 2} ; Mohraz M³ ; Razani N⁴ ; Akbari G³ ; Mcfarland W⁵ ; Khairandish P³ ; Malekafzali H⁶ ; Gouya MM⁷ ; Zarghami A⁸ ; Rutherford GW² Show Affiliations
Source: AIDS and Behavior Published:2015

Abstract

Iran is facing unprecedented dual drug use and HIV epidemics. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to obtain HIV prevalence and risk behavior data from injection drug users (IDU) in Tehran. We used respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit IDU through successive waves starting with 24 “seeds,” conducted anonymous face-to-face interviews and HIV testing and counseling, and used RDSAT to adjust data. During 44 weeks, 1,726 study referral coupons resulted in 645 (37 %) IDU referrals, of whom 548 (85 %) were enrolled. From those enrolled, 84 % were incarcerated, 47 % employed, 55 % single, 27 % under 30 years of age, and 26 % homeless. The adjusted HIV prevalence was 26.6 % (95 % confidence interval 21.3–32.1), and was higher among certain IDU subgroups (e.g., those who sharing injection paraphernalia). Our estimates of HIV prevalence were higher than some other estimates; however, repeated surveys using similar methodology are needed to monitor the trend of HIV epidemic over time. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.