Determining Reference Ranges for Lymphocyte Proliferation Responses to Phytohemagglutinin and Bacillus Calmette–Guerin in Iranian Children Publisher Pubmed



Nourizadeh M^{1, 2} ; Sarrafzadeh SA^{1, 2} ; Shoormasti RS^{1, 2} ; Fazlollahi MR^{1, 2} ; Saghafi S^{1, 2} ; Badalzadeh M^{1, 2} ; Mirmoghtadaei M^{1, 2} ; Pourpak Z^{1, 2} Show Affiliations
Source: Clinical Immunology Published:2024

Abstract

Purpose: To establish reference ranges (RRs) for stimulation index of T cell proliferation triggered by phytohemagglutinin (PHA-SI) and Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG-SI). Methods: This study investigated data from 359 healthy children and 35 patients with cellular immunodeficiency as positive controls (2010−2021). We applied a colorimetric-based method (BrdU) to measure proliferation and determine the RRs at the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles (95% confidence intervals). A cross-validation approach was performed. Results: In healthy controls, the RRs for PHA-SI and BCG-SI ranged between 3 and 5.2 and 2.52 to 5.2, respectively. PHA-SI and BCG-SI were in Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) patients from 1.2 to 2.5 and 0 to 2, while in Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) patients, 2.53 to 4.5 and 0.74 to 2.2, respectively. The thresholds' accuracy was checked for testing reference intervals with diagnostic effects. Conclusion: This study establishes PHA-SI and BCG-SI reference ranges to aid in diagnosing and treating congenital immunodeficiency diseases. © 2024