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Spatial Analysis to Identify High Risk Areas for Traffic Crashes Resulting in Death of Pedestrians in Tehran



Moradi A1 ; Soori H2 ; Kavousi A3 ; Eshghabadi F4 ; Jamshidi E5 ; Zeini S6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Faculty of Geography, Department of Human Geography/Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Community Based Participatory Research Center, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Colonel of Road Traffic Police, Crashes office, Tehran's Traffic Police, Tehran, Iran

Source: Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran Published:2016

Abstract

Background: More than 20% of deaths from traffic crashes are related to pedestrians. This figure in Tehran, the capital of Iran, reaches to 40%. This study aimed to determine the high-risk areas and spatially analyze the traffic crashes, causing death to pedestrians in Tehran. Methods: Mapping was used to display the distribution of the crashes. Determining the distribution pattern of crashes and the hot spots/ low-risk areas were done, using Moran's I index and Getis-Ord G, respectively. Results: A total of 198 crashes were studied; 92 of which, (46.4%) occurred in 2013 to 2014 and other 106 cases (63.6%) occurred in 2014 to 2015. The highest and the lowest frequency of crashes was related to January (26 cases) and June (10 cases), respectively. One hundred fifty- eight cases (79.8%) of crashes occurred in Tehran highways. Moran's index showed that the studied traffic crashes had a cluster distribution (p < 0.001). Getis- Ord General G index indicated that the distribution of hot and cold spots of the studied crashes was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The majority of traffic crashes causing death to pedestrians occurred in highways located in the main entrances and exits of Tehran. Given the important role of environmental factors in the occurrence of traffic crashes related to pedestrians, identification of these factors requires more studies with casual inferences.
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