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Effects of Chitosan and Oligochitosans on the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt Pathway in Cancer Therapy Publisher Pubmed



Amirani E1 ; Hallajzadeh J2 ; Asemi Z1 ; Mansournia MA3 ; Yousefi B4, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Biochemistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules Published:2020


Abstract

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway is one of the most important kinase signaling networks in the context of cancer development and treatment. Aberrant activation of AKT, the central mediator of this pathway, has been implicated in numerous malignancies including endometrial, hepatocellular, breast, colorectal, prostate, and, cervical cancer. Thus regulation and blockage of this kinase and its key target nodes is an attractive approach in cancer therapy and diverse efforts have been done to achieve this aim. Chitosan is a carbohydrate with multiple interesting applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. This bioactive polymer and its derivative oligomers commonly used in drug/DNA delivery methods due to their functional properties which improve efficiency of delivery systems. Further, these compounds exert anti-tumor roles through the stimulation of apoptosis, immune enhancing potency, anti-oxidative features and anti-angiogenic roles. Due to the importance of PI3K-AKT signaling in cancer targeting and treatment resistance, this review discusses the involvement of chitosan, oligochitosaccharides and carriers based on these chemicals in the regulation of this pathway in different tumors. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
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