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Sars-Cov-2 Omicron (Ba.4, Ba.5) Variant: Lessons Learned From a New Variant During the Covid-19 Pandemic Publisher



Erabi G1 ; Faridzadeh A2, 3 ; Parvin A1 ; Deravi N4, 5 ; Rahmanian M4, 5 ; Fathi M4, 5 ; Aleebrahimdehkordi E6 ; Rezaei N7, 8, 9
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Immunology and Allergy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  3. 3. Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  4. 4. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  7. 7. Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

Source: Health Science Reports Published:2024


Abstract

Background and Aim: In late 2021, the world faced the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, which quickly became the variant of concern. In April 2022, two new lineages of Omicron (BA.4/BA.5) emerged from Africa, where they caused the fifth wave of infection. Method: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus online databases up to December 2023 for founding relevant studies. Results: BA.4 and BA.5 subgroups, with changes in the spike protein, have a greater ability to escape from the immune system, which was possible with the help of L452R and F486V mutations. Epidemiologically, these evolving subtypes show similarities to seasonal influenza but with higher mortality rates. The symptoms of these subgroups are different from the previous types in the form of upper respiratory symptoms. Antiviral treatments, the use of antibodies such as bebtelovimab, and the development of vaccines are promising. Conclusion: Consequently, we must continue to be vigilant in our joint surveillance efforts against COVID-19 in diagnosis and treatment. © 2024 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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