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The Association Between Age of Menopause and Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher



Yazdkhasti M1 ; Jafarabady K2 ; Shafiee A2 ; Omran SP3 ; Mahmoodi Z1 ; Esmaeilzadeh S1 ; Babaheidari TB4 ; Kabir K5 ; Peisepar M3 ; Bakhtiyari M4, 6
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Reproductive Health Department, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  3. 3. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  5. 5. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Source: Nutrition and Metabolism Published:2024


Abstract

Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered one of the chronic diseases that can have a relationship with age of menopause onset. Several studies have revealed that early menopause or late menopause can have a correlation with type-2 diabetes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between the age of menopause onset and type-2 diabetes. Methods and materials: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Cochrane were searched for studies that have evaluated the relationship between T2DM and age of menopause onset. We pooled the effect sizes of the included studies using both adjusted odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) of interest outcomes with their 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Nineteen papers were included in this study, 8 studies were cohorts, and 11 were cross sectional. Studies revealed a statistically significant association between early menopause age and increased odds of T2DM (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09–1.40; I2 = 67%; p = 0.001). Late menopause age was also associated with an increased odds of T2DM (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03–1.26; I2 = 56%; p = 0.01) compared to the reference group with normal menopausal age. As our secondary outcome, the hazard of developing T2DM in individuals with early or late menopausal age was assessed. Pooled analysis demonstrated a significantly higher hazard of T2DM among women with early menopause age (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05–1.64; I2 = 72%; p = 0.02). Late menopause age did not show a significant association (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.84–1.10; I2 = 68%; p = 0.56). Conclusion: Early and late menopause can both increase the risk of T2DM. Future research is needed to warrant the certainty of our findings. © The Author(s) 2024.
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