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The Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Attributable Risk Factors in Iran, 1990–2019: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019



Peimani M1 ; Esfahani Z2 ; Bandarian F1 ; Esmaeili S1 ; Moghaddam SS2 ; Namazi N1 ; Koolaji S2 ; Stewart AL3 ; Ebrahimi N2 ; Rezaei N2, 4 ; Rezaei N2, 4 ; Farzadfar F2, 4 ; Nasliesfahani E1 ; Larijani B4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medic al Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Center for Aging in Diverse Communities, Institute for Health & Aging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
  4. 4. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Iranian Journal of Public Health Published:2024

Abstract

Background: This study presents estimates for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) burden and attributable risk factors in Iran from 1990–2019, using data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. Methods: This study reports prevalence, incidence, death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) of T2DM in Iran, by sex, age, and province, from 1990 to 2019. We also present the T2DM burden attributable to risk factors. Results are reported in absolute number and age-standardized rates. Results: Overall, the burden of T2DM had increased greatly since 1990. In 2019, the T2DM incidence and prevalence cases were 291,482 (a 374% increase) and 5,035,012 (a 417% increase) respectively. Moreover, the number of death and DALYs were 14,191 (a 488% increase) and 716,457 (a 417% increase) respectively. DALYs and YLDs in women were consistently higher than men were, whereas women experienced slower increases in YLLs from 1990 to 2019. The age-standardized DALYs rate increased for all Iranian provinces during study period. High body-mass index, ambient particulate matter pollution, and low physical activity remained the three major attributable risk factors in all provinces in 2019. Conclusion: T2DM constitutes a major health burden in Iran. The remarkable upsurge in the T2DM burden represents an ongoing challenge, given the rapidly aging population in Iran. Thus, integrated and multi-sectoral actions that decrease exposure to risk factors and improve the prevention and early diagnosis are needed. © 2024 Peimani et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
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