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Unraveling the Role of Natural Killer Cells in Leishmaniasis Publisher Pubmed



Alizadeh Z1 ; Omidnia P2 ; Altalbawy FMA3, 4 ; Gabr GA5, 6 ; Obaid RF7 ; Rostami N8 ; Aslani S9 ; Heidari A10 ; Mohammadi H11, 12
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Iranian Social Security Organization, Urmia, Iran
  3. 3. National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), University of Cairo, Giza, 12613, Egypt
  4. 4. Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Duba, 71911, Saudi Arabia
  5. 5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
  6. 6. Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
  7. 7. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
  8. 8. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  9. 9. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  11. 11. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  12. 12. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran

Source: International Immunopharmacology Published:2023


Abstract

NK cells are known as frontline responders that are efficient in combating several maladies as well as leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania spp. As such they are being investigated to be used for adoptive transfer therapy and vaccine. In spite of the lack of antigen-specific receptors at their surface, NK cells can selectively recognize pathogens, accomplished by the activation of the receptors on the NK cell surface and also as the result of their effector functions. Activation of NK cells can occur through interaction between TLR-2 expressed on NK cells and. LPG of Leishmania parasites. In addition, NK cell activation can occur by cytokines (e.g., IFN-γ and IL-12) that also lead to producing cytokines and chemokines and lysis of target cells. This review summarizes several evidences that support NK cells activation for controlling leishmaniasis and the potentially lucrative roles of NK cells during leishmaniasis. Furthermore, we discuss strategies of Leishmania parasites in inhibiting NK cell functions. Leishmania LPG can utilizes TLR2 to evade host-immune responses. Also, Leishmania GP63 can directly binds to NK cells and modulates NK cell phenotype. Finally, this review analyzes the potentialities to harness NK cells effectiveness in therapy regimens and vaccinations. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
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