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The Tale of Tils in Breast Cancer: A Report From the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group Publisher



El Bairi K1 ; Haynes HR2, 3 ; Blackley E4 ; Fineberg S5 ; Shear J6 ; Turner S7 ; De Freitas JR8 ; Sur D9 ; Amendola LC10 ; Gharib M11 ; Kallala A12 ; Arun I13 ; Azmoudehardalan F14 ; Fujimoto L15 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. El Bairi K1
  2. Haynes HR2, 3
  3. Blackley E4
  4. Fineberg S5
  5. Shear J6
  6. Turner S7
  7. De Freitas JR8
  8. Sur D9
  9. Amendola LC10
  10. Gharib M11
  11. Kallala A12
  12. Arun I13
  13. Azmoudehardalan F14
  14. Fujimoto L15
  15. Sua LF16
  16. Liu SW17
  17. Lien HC18
  18. Kirtani P19
  19. Balancin M20
  20. El Attar H21
  21. Guleria P22
  22. Yang W23
  23. Shash E24
  24. Chen IC25, 26
  25. Bautista V27
  26. Do Prado Moura JF28
  27. Rapoport BL29, 30
  28. Castaneda C31, 32
  29. Spengler E33
  30. Acostahaab G34
  31. Frahm I35
  32. Sanchez J36
  33. Castillo M36
  34. Bouchmaa N37
  35. Md Zin RR38
  36. Shui R39
  37. Onyuma T40
  38. Yang W23
  39. Husain Z41
  40. Willardgallo K42
  41. Coosemans A43
  42. Perez EA44
  43. Provenzano E45
  44. Ericsson PG46
  45. Richardet E47
  46. Mehrotra R48
  47. Sarancone S49
  48. Ehinger A50
  49. Rimm DL51
  50. Bartlett JMS52, 53, 54
  51. Viale G55
  52. Denkert C56
  53. Hida AI57
  54. Sotiriou C58
  55. Loibl S59
  56. Hewitt SM60
  57. Badve S61
  58. Symmans WF62
  59. Kim RS63
  60. Pruneri G64
  61. Goel S4, 65
  62. Francis PA65, 66
  63. Inurrigarro G67
  64. Yamaguchi R68
  65. Garciarivello H69
  66. Horlings H70
  67. Afqir S1
  68. Salgado R4, 71
  69. Adams S72
  70. Kok M73
  71. Dieci MV74, 75
  72. Michiels S76
  73. Demaria S77
  74. Loi S4, 65
  75. Lien HC18
  76. Denkert C56
  77. Symmans WF62
  78. Goel S4, 65
  79. Inurrigarro G67
  80. Demaria S77
  81. Schelfhout V78
  82. Arbzadeh E79
  83. Bondanar A80
  84. Reyes SAG81
  85. Ruz JR82
  86. Kang J83
  87. Xiang L84
  88. Zimovjanova M85
  89. Togores P86
  90. Ozturk T87
  91. Patil A88
  92. Corpa M89
  93. Whitehouse A90
  94. Tan B91
  95. De Paula A92
  96. Rossetti C93
  97. Langschwarz C94
  98. Mahon S95
  99. Giacometti C96
  100. Linderholm B97
  101. Deman F71
  102. Montagna G98
  103. Gong G99
  104. Pavcovich M100
  105. Chaer Y101
  106. Cabrero IA102
  107. De Brito ML103
  108. Ilieva N104
  109. Fulop A105
  110. Souza M106
  111. Bilancia D107
  112. Idowu M108
  113. Johri R109
  114. Szpor J110
  115. Bachani L111
  116. Schmitt F112
  117. Giannotti M113
  118. Kurebayashi Y114
  119. Ramirez BEA115
  120. Salido E116
  121. Bortesi L117
  122. Bonetto S118
  123. Elomina K119
  124. Lopez P120
  125. Sharma V121
  126. Edirisinghe A122
  127. Mathur D123
  128. Sahay A124
  129. Mouloud MA125
  130. Giang CH126
  131. Mukolwe E127
  132. Kiruka E127
  133. Samberg N128
  134. Abe N129
  135. Brown M130
  136. Millar E131
  137. Li XB132
  138. Yuan Z133
  139. Pasupathy A134
  140. Miele R135
  141. Luff R136
  142. E Porfirio MMA137
  143. Ajemba O138
  144. Soni R139
  145. Orvieto E140
  146. Dimaio M141
  147. Thomas J142
  148. Merard R142
  149. Subramaniam MM143
  150. Apolinario T144
  151. Preda O145
  152. Preda R146
  153. Makanga A147
  154. Maior MS148
  155. Li L149
  156. Saghatchian M150
  157. Saurine T151
  158. Janssen E152
  159. Cochran J153
  160. Vlada N154
  161. Cappellesso R155
  162. Elfer K156
  163. Hollick M157
  164. Desai S124
  165. Oner G158
  166. Schreurs A159
  167. Liu S160
  168. Perera R161
  169. Mercurio P162
  170. Garcia F163
  171. Hosny K164
  172. Matsumoto H165
  173. Van Deurzen C166
  174. Bianchini G167
  175. Coban I168
  176. Jahangir A169
  177. Rahman A170
  178. Stover D171
  179. Luz P172
  180. Martel A173
  181. Waumans Y174
  182. Stenzinger A175
  183. Cortes J176
  184. Dimitrova P177
  185. Nauwelaers I178
  186. Velasco M179
  187. Fan F180
  188. Akturk G181
  189. Firer M182
  190. Roxanis I183
  191. Schneck M174
  192. Wen H184
  193. Cockenpot V185
  194. Konstantinov A186
  195. Calatrava A187
  196. Vidya MN188
  197. Choi HJ189
  198. Jank P190
  199. Ciinen AH191
  200. Sabanathan D192
  201. Floris G193
  202. Hoeflmayer D194
  203. Hamada T195
  204. Laudus N196
  205. Grigoriadis A197, 198
  206. Porcellato I199
  207. Acs B200
  208. Miglietta F74
  209. Parrodi J4
  210. Clunie D201
  211. Calhoun B202
  212. Lu FI203
  213. Lefevre A204
  214. Tabbarah S205
  215. Tran W206
  216. Garciamurillas I207
  217. Jelinic P208
  218. Boeckx C204
  219. Souza S209
  220. Cebollero MC210
  221. Felip E211
  222. Rendon JLS212
  223. El Gabry E213
  224. Saltz J214
  225. Bria E215
  226. Garufi G216
  227. Hartman J217
  228. Sebastian M218
  229. Olofsson H219
  230. Kooreman L220
  231. Cucherousset J221
  232. Mathieu MC222
  233. Ballesterosmerino C223
  234. Siziopikou P224
  235. Fong J225
  236. Klein M226
  237. Qulis IRI227
  238. Wesseling J228
  239. Bellolio E229
  240. Araya JC230
  241. Naber S231
  242. Cheang M232
  243. Castellano I233
  244. Ales A234
  245. Laenkholm AV235
  246. Kulka J236
  247. Quinn C237
  248. Sapino A238
  249. Amendoeira I239
  250. Marchio C240
  251. Braybrooke J241, 242
  252. Vincentsalomon A243
  253. Korski KP244
  254. Sofopoulos M245
  255. Stovgaard EIS246
  256. Bianchi S247
  257. Bagohorvath Z248
  258. Yu C249
  259. Regitnig P250
  260. Hall S251
  261. Kos Z252
  262. Sant S4
  263. Tille JC253
  264. Gallas B254
  265. Bethmann D255
  266. Savas P4
  267. Mendes L256
  268. Soler T257
  269. Van Seijen M258
  270. Gruosso T259
  271. Quintana A260
  272. Giltnane J261
  273. Van Den Eynden G262
  274. Duregon E263
  275. De Cabo R264
  276. Recamo PC265
  277. Gaboury L266
  278. Zimmerman J267
  279. Pop CS268
  280. Wernicke A269
  281. Williams D270
  282. Gill A271
  283. Solomon B272
  284. Thapa B273
  285. Farshid G274
  286. Gilham L275
  287. Christie M276
  288. Otoole S277
  289. Hendry S278
  290. Fox SB278
  291. Luen SJ279
  292. Lakhani SR280
  293. Fuchs T281
  294. John T282
  295. Brcic I283
  296. Hainfellner J284
  297. Sigurd L285
  298. Preusser M284
  299. Poortmans P286, 287
  300. Decaluwe A288
  301. Carey C204
  302. Colpaert C289
  303. Larsimont D290
  304. Peeters D291
  305. Broeckx G292
  306. Van De Vijver K293
  307. Buisseret L42
  308. Dirix L294
  309. Hertoghs M295
  310. Piccart M296
  311. Ignatiadis M58
  312. Van Bockstal M297
  313. Sirtaine N298
  314. Vermeulen P294
  315. De Wind R299
  316. Declercq S71
  317. Gevaert T300
  318. Haibekans B301
  319. Nelson BH302
  320. Watson PH303
  321. Leung S304
  322. Nielsen T305
  323. Shi L306
  324. Balslev E307
  325. Thagaard J308
  326. Almangush A310
  327. Makitie A311
  328. Joensuu H312
  329. Lundin J313
  330. Drubay D314, 315
  331. Roblin E316, 317
  332. Andre F318
  333. Penaultllorca F319
  334. Lemonnier J320
  335. Adam J321
  336. Lacroixtriki M322
  337. Ternes N323
  338. Radosevicrobin N324
  339. Klaushen F325
  340. Weber K59
  341. Harbeck N326
  342. Gluz O327
  343. Wienert S328, 329
  344. Cserni G330, 331
  345. Vingiani A332
  346. Criscitiello C333
  347. Solinas C334
  348. Curigliano G335
  349. Konishi E336
  350. Suzuki E337
  351. Yoshikawa K338
  352. Kawaguchi K339
  353. Takada M337
  354. Toi M339
  355. Ishida M340
  356. Shibata N341
  357. Saji S342
  358. Kogawa T343
  359. Sakatani T344
  360. Okamoto T345
  361. Moriya T346
  362. Kataoka T347
  363. Shimoi T348
  364. Sugie T349
  365. Sugie T349
  366. Mukohara T348
  367. Shu Y348
  368. Kikawa Y341
  369. Kozuka Y350
  370. Sayed S351
  371. Rahayu R352
  372. Ramsaroop R353
  373. Senkuskonefka E354
  374. Chmielik E355
  375. Cardoso F356
  376. Ribeiro J357
  377. Chan J358
  378. Dent R359
  379. Martin M360
  380. Hagen C361
  381. Guerrero A362
  382. Rojo F363, 364
  383. Comerma L365
  384. Nuciforo P366
  385. Serrano VV367
  386. Camaea VP368
  387. Steenbruggen T369
  388. Ciompi F370
  389. Nederlof I371
  390. Van Der Laak J370
  391. Van Den Berg J373
  392. Voorwerk L374
  393. Van De Vijver M375
  394. De Maaker M371
  395. Linn S376
  396. Mckenzie H377
  397. Somaiah N378
  398. Tutt A379
  399. Swanton C380
  400. Hiley C380
  401. Moore DA381, 382
  402. Hall JA383
  403. Le Quesne J384
  404. Jabbar KA385
  405. Al Bakir M380
  406. Hills R387
  407. Irshad S388, 389
  408. Yuan Y385
  409. Li Z390
  410. Liu M391
  411. Klein J392
  412. Fadare O393
  413. Thompson A394
  414. Lazar AJ395
  415. Gown A396
  416. Lo A261
  417. Garrido Castro AC397
  418. Madabhushi A398
  419. Moreira A400
  420. Richardson A401
  421. Beck AH402
  422. Bellizzi AM403
  423. Wolff A404
  424. Harbhajanka A405
  425. Sharma A406
  426. Ciminomathews A407
  427. Srinivasan A408
  428. Singh B409
  429. Chennubhotla CS410
  430. Chauhan C411
  431. Dillon DA412, 413
  432. Zardavas D414
  433. Johnson DB415
  434. Thompson AE416
  435. Brogi E417, 418
  436. Reisenbichler E51
  437. Huang E419
  438. Hirsch FR420
  439. Mcarthur H421
  440. Ziai J261
  441. Brock J412, 413
  442. Kerner J422
  443. Zha J423
  444. Lennerz JK424
  445. Carter JM425
  446. Reisfilho J417
  447. Sparano J426
  448. Balko JM427
  449. Poguegeile K428
  450. Steele KE423
  451. Blenman KRM429
  452. Allison KH430
  453. Pusztai L431
  454. Cooper L432
  455. Estrada VM433
  456. Flowers M434
  457. Robson M435
  458. Rebelatto MC423
  459. Hanna MG417, 418
  460. Goetz MP436
  461. Khojasteh M437
  462. Sanders ME438
  463. Regan MM417, 439, 440
  464. Misialek M441
  465. Amgad M442
  466. Tung N443
  467. Singh R444
  468. Huang R445
  469. Pierce RH446
  470. Leonferre R436
  471. Swain S447
  472. Ely S448
  473. Kim SR408
  474. Bedri S449
  475. Paik S408
  476. Schnitt S412, 413
  477. Dalfons T417, 418
  478. Kurkure U437
  479. Bossuyt V424
  480. Tong W450
  481. Wang Y451
  482. Dos Anjos CH452
  483. Gaire F453
  484. Van Diest PJ454
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
  2. 2. Department of Cellular Pathology, Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom
  3. 3. Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
  4. 4. Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  5. 5. Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
  6. 6. Chief Information Officer, WISS & Company, LLP and President J. Shear Consulting, LLC–Ardsley, Ardsley, NY, United States
  7. 7. ICPV, Independent Cancer Patient Voice, London, United Kingdom
  8. 8. Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
  9. 9. Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine “I. Hatieganu�, Cluj Napoca, Romania
  10. 10. Brazilian Society of Oncology, Salvador, Brazil
  11. 11. Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  12. 12. Hopital Charles Nicolle, Tunis, Tunisia
  13. 13. Department of Histopathology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
  14. 14. Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  15. 15. Pathology and Legal Medicine, Amazon Federal University, Belem, Brazil
  16. 16. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fundacion Valle del Lili, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
  17. 17. Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
  18. 18. Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  19. 19. Department of Histopathology, Manipal Hospitals Dwarka, New Delhi, India
  20. 20. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  21. 21. Apc labs - Annasr Pathology Center, El Jadida, Morocco
  22. 22. Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India
  23. 23. Aginome Scientific Pte Ltd, Xiamen, China
  24. 24. Breast Cancer Comprehensive Center, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
  25. 25. Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
  26. 26. Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  27. 27. Department of Pathology, Breast Cancer Center FUCAM, Mexico City, Mexico
  28. 28. Centro de Pesquisas Clinicas do IMIP, Recife, Brazil
  29. 29. The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
  30. 30. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, corner Doctor Savage Road and Bophelo Road, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
  31. 31. Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, 15038, Peru
  32. 32. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
  33. 33. Departmento de Patologia, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Argentina
  34. 34. Department of Pathology, Hospital de Oncologia Maria Curie, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  35. 35. Department of Pathology, Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  36. 36. Department of Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, 15038, Peru
  37. 37. Institute of Biological Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben-Guerir, 43 150, Morocco
  38. 38. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  39. 39. Department of Pathology, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
  40. 40. Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
  41. 41. Praava Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  42. 42. Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  43. 43. Laboratory of Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  44. 44. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
  45. 45. Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  46. 46. Breast Cancer Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
  47. 47. Clinical Oncology Unit, Instituto Oncologico Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
  48. 48. India Cancer Research Consortium-ICMR, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
  49. 49. Department of Pathology, Laboratorio QUANTUM, Rosario, Argentina
  50. 50. Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  51. 51. Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
  52. 52. Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
  53. 53. Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
  54. 54. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  55. 55. Department of Pathology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, and University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  56. 56. Institute of Pathology, Universitatsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg and Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  57. 57. Department of Pathology, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
  58. 58. Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  59. 59. German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Germany
  60. 60. Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
  61. 61. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, United States
  62. 62. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  63. 63. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP)/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
  64. 64. Department of Pathology, RCCS Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori and University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
  65. 65. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
  66. 66. Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  67. 67. Department of pathology Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  68. 68. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
  69. 69. Servicio de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  70. 70. Division of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  71. 71. Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
  72. 72. Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Medical School, New York, NY, United States
  73. 73. Divisions of Medical Oncology, Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  74. 74. Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  75. 75. Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
  76. 76. Service de Biostatistique et d’Epidemiologie, Gustave Roussy, Oncostat U1018, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
  77. 77. Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
  78. 78. Department of Pathology, AZ Sint-Maarten, Mechelen, Belgium
  79. 79. Department of Pathology, VCU, Richmond, VA, United States
  80. 80. Pathomorphology, Buzoo KOD, Omsk, Russian Federation
  81. 81. Anatomical Pathology, HUFA, Alcorcon, Spain
  82. 82. Pathology, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  83. 83. Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
  84. 84. Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, China
  85. 85. Oncology, General Teaching hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
  86. 86. Medical Oncology, Centro Oncologico De Galicia, A Coruna, Spain
  87. 87. Pathology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
  88. 88. Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, ACTREC, Mumbai, India
  89. 89. Pathology, Hospital israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  90. 90. Histopathology, Sullivan Nicolaides, Darwin City, NT, Australia
  91. 91. Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
  92. 92. Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (UNIMONTES), Montes Claros, Brazil
  93. 93. Anatomical Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
  94. 94. Institut fur Pathologie, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
  95. 95. Department of Pathology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
  96. 96. Department of Pathology, ULSS 6 Euganea, Padua, Italy
  97. 97. Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Insitutet, Solna, Sweden
  98. 98. Breast surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Boston, MA, United States
  99. 99. Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan, South Korea
  100. 100. Pathology, Complejo hospitalario universitario insular materno infantile, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
  101. 101. Medical Oncology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
  102. 102. Department of Pathology, Mexican Oncology Hospital, IMSS, Mexico, Mexico
  103. 103. Medical Oncology, Clinica AMO, Salvador, Brazil
  104. 104. Pathology, Complex oncology center Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  105. 105. Anatomical Pathology, The Oncology Institute Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  106. 106. Pathology, Imagepat, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  107. 107. Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Regionale San Carlo, San Carlo, Italy
  108. 108. Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Virgina, VA, United States
  109. 109. Pathology, AIIMS, Bhopal, India
  110. 110. Pathology, Katedra Patomorfologii UJ CM, Krakow, Poland
  111. 111. Pathology, Unipath, Jaipur, India
  112. 112. Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
  113. 113. Pathology, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  114. 114. Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  115. 115. Pathology, Unidad de Patologia y Reumatologua, Mexico, Mexico
  116. 116. Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
  117. 117. Pathology, IRCCS sacrocuore don calabria, Verona, Italy
  118. 118. U.O. Anatomia Patologica, ASST Lariana-Ospedale “Sant’Anna di Como�, Vicenza, Italy
  119. 119. Laboratory Medicine, De La Salle University Medical Center, De La Salle, Philippines
  120. 120. Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Colombia, United States
  121. 121. Pathology, Liverpool Clinical Laboratories, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
  122. 122. Pathology, NSW Health, Gosford, NSW, Australia
  123. 123. Life Sciences, Ahmedabad University, Gujarat, India
  124. 124. Pathology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
  125. 125. Faculte de Medecine, Universite Mouloud MAMMERI, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria
  126. 126. Pathology, Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chin Minh, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  127. 127. Driving, Imperial Driving School, Kisumu City, Kenya
  128. 128. Iovance Biotherapeutics, San Carlos, CA, United States
  129. 129. Breast Surgery, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
  130. 130. Pathology, Q2 Solutions, Bathgate, United Kingdom
  131. 131. NSW Health Pathology, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  132. 132. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
  133. 133. Histogenex, Beijing, China
  134. 134. Department of Pathology, NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  135. 135. ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Ospedale Pellegrini, Napoli, Italy
  136. 136. Anatomic Pathology for Clinical Trials, Quest Diagnostics, California, United States
  137. 137. Department of Pathology, Argos - Fortaleza-CE, Fortaleza, Brazil
  138. 138. Anatomic Pathology, Q2 Solutions, California, United States
  139. 139. Pathology, Q2 lab solutions and Henry Mayo Newhall Hospital, California, United States
  140. 140. UOC Anatomia Patologica, ULSS5 Polesana Rovigo, Rovigo, Italy
  141. 141. Pathology, DPMG, Sacramento, United States
  142. 142. Anatomic Pathology, Q2 Lab Solutions, San Juan Capistrano, CA, United States
  143. 143. Anatomic Pathology, Q2 Lab Solutions, Bathgate, United Kingdom
  144. 144. Department of Oncology, IMIP, Northeast, Brazil
  145. 145. Surgical Pathology, San Cecilio Hospital, Granada, Spain
  146. 146. Anatomical Pathology, NSW Health, Sydney, Australia
  147. 147. Histopathology Department, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, North Wales, United Kingdom
  148. 148. Pathology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
  149. 149. School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
  150. 150. Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institut, Villejuif, France
  151. 151. Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
  152. 152. Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
  153. 153. Q2 Solutions, Atlanta, GA, United States
  154. 154. Pathology, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
  155. 155. Pathological Anatomy, Padova University Hospital, Padua, Italy
  156. 156. Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
  157. 157. School of Medicine, Medical Science and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
  158. 158. Multidisciplinary Oncologic Centre Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
  159. 159. Public Health and Primary Care, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  160. 160. Pathology, Washington University at St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
  161. 161. Optimisation and Pattern Recognition Group, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  162. 162. Anatomic Pathology, ASST Bergamo Ovest, Treviglio, Italy
  163. 163. Pathology Department, Hospital Quiron Salud, Madrid, Spain
  164. 164. Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
  165. 165. Department of Pathology, Nakagami Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
  166. 166. Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  167. 167. Medical Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
  168. 168. Anatomic Pathology, Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, Ystanbul, Turkey
  169. 169. Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
  170. 170. Precision Oncology Ireland, Conway Institute, UCD, Dublin, Ireland
  171. 171. Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Colombus, OH, United States
  172. 172. Medical Oncology, Centro Hospitalar Universitario do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
  173. 173. Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  174. 174. Histogenex, Antwerpen, Belgium
  175. 175. Institute of Pathology Heidelberg (IPH), University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
  176. 176. Head breast Cancer Program, Oncology Department, IOB institute of Oncology, Quiron Group, Barcelona, Spain
  177. 177. Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
  178. 178. Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  179. 179. Department of Oncology, Hospital de Mataro, Barcelona, Spain
  180. 180. Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, KansasCity, KS, United States
  181. 181. Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
  182. 182. Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ramat Gan, Israel
  183. 183. Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  184. 184. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, Department of Pathology, New York, NY, United States
  185. 185. Department of Pathology, Leon Berard Cancer Center, Lyon, France
  186. 186. Department of Pathology, Saint-Petersburg clinical scientific and practical center for specialised types of medical care (oncological), St.Petersburg, Russian Federation
  187. 187. Fundacion Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
  188. 188. Histopathology, Aster Labs, Shoreview, St Paul, MN, United States
  189. 189. St. Vincent’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
  190. 190. Department of Pathology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  191. 191. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki, Finland
  192. 192. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
  193. 193. KU Leuven- University of Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research and KU Leuven- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Pathology, Leuven, Belgium
  194. 194. Institut fur Pathologie, UK Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
  195. 195. Department of Surgical Pathology, JR Kyushu Hospital, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
  196. 196. Biomedical Quality Assurance Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  197. 197. Cancer Bioinformatics Lab, Cancer Centre at Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  198. 198. School of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  199. 199. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
  200. 200. Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
  201. 201. Consulting, PixelMed, Bangor, PA, United States
  202. 202. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
  203. 203. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
  204. 204. Roche Diagnostics, Brussel, Belgium
  205. 205. Department of Radiation Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
  206. 206. Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
  207. 207. Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  208. 208. Merck & Co., Inc, Kenilworth, NJ, United States
  209. 209. Oncology Merck & Co, Kenilworth, NJ, United States
  210. 210. Pathology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Madrid, Spain
  211. 211. Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
  212. 212. Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics department, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Madrid, Spain
  213. 213. Roche, Tucson, AZ, United States
  214. 214. Department of Biomedical Informatics and Department of Pathology, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States
  215. 215. Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
  216. 216. Medical Oncology Unit, Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Polyclinic Foundation, Rome, Italy
  217. 217. Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
  218. 218. Departments of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  219. 219. Department of Clinical Pathology, Akademiska University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
  220. 220. Department of pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
  221. 221. GHI Le Raincy-Montfermeil, Chelles, Ile-de-France, Montfermeil, France
  222. 222. Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
  223. 223. Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute/ Providence Cancer Center, Portland, OR, United States
  224. 224. Department of Pathology, Breast Pathology Section, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
  225. 225. Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
  226. 226. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
  227. 227. Departamento de Anatomia Patologica, Hospital de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
  228. 228. Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  229. 229. Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad De La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
  230. 230. Department of Pathology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
  231. 231. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, United States
  232. 232. Institute of Cancer Research Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, Surrey, United Kingdom
  233. 233. Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
  234. 234. The Fingerland Department of Pathology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Kralove, Czech Republic
  235. 235. Department of Surgical Pathology Zealand University Hospital, Zealand, Denmark
  236. 236. Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  237. 237. Department of Pathology, St Vincentfs University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
  238. 238. University of Turin / Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
  239. 239. Servico de Anatomia Patologica, Centro Hospitalar Universitario de Sao Joao and Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal
  240. 240. University of Turin at Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
  241. 241. Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  242. 242. Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
  243. 243. Institut Curie, Department of Pathology, Inserm U934, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Paris, France
  244. 244. Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
  245. 245. Department of Surgical Pathology, gSaint Savvash Regional Anticancer Hospital, Athens, Greece
  246. 246. Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
  247. 247. Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DSS), Firenze, Italy
  248. 248. Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  249. 249. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
  250. 250. Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
  251. 251. The Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
  252. 252. Department of Pathology, BC Cancer Agency Vancouver Centre, Department of Pathology, Vancouver, Canada
  253. 253. Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
  254. 254. Division of Imaging, Diagnostics, and Software Reliability, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
  255. 255. University Hospital Halle (Saale), Institute of Pathology, Halle (Saale), Germany
  256. 256. Oncology Department, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  257. 257. Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Oncobell, IDIBELL, LfHospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, 08908, Catalonia, Spain
  258. 258. Department of molecular pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  259. 259. Translational Research, Forbius, Montreal, Canada
  260. 260. Vall dfHebron Hospital Research Institute, Autoimmune Diseases department, Barcelona, Spain
  261. 261. Research Pathology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
  262. 262. Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Ziekenhuizen, Wilrijk, Belgium
  263. 263. Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, 21224, MD, United States
  264. 264. Experimental Gerontology Section and Translational Gerontology Branch, NIA, NIH, Baltimore, United States
  265. 265. Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
  266. 266. Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal University, Montreal, Canada
  267. 267. Scientific Director, Image Analysis, AstraZeneca Computational Pathology, Munich Area, Germany
  268. 268. Pathology, CHU UCL, Namur, Belgium
  269. 269. Anatomical Pathology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  270. 270. Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
  271. 271. University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
  272. 272. Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  273. 273. Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
  274. 274. Directorate of Surgical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
  275. 275. Consumer Advisory Panel, Breast Cancer Trials, Adelaide, Australia
  276. 276. Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia
  277. 277. The Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australian Clinical Labs, Darlinghurst, Australia
  278. 278. Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  279. 279. Division of Research and Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  280. 280. The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research and Pathology Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
  281. 281. NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, Australia
  282. 282. Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia
  283. 283. Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
  284. 284. Department of Medicine, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  285. 285. Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz II, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
  286. 286. Department of Radiation Oncology, Iridium Kankernetwerk, Wilrijk- Antwerp, Belgium
  287. 287. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk-Antwerp, Antwerpen, 2610, Belgium
  288. 288. Department of Radiology, Jules Bordet Institute, Bruxelles, Belgium
  289. 289. Department of Pathology, AZ Turnhout, Turnhout, Belgium
  290. 290. Department of Pathology, Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, Belgium
  291. 291. HistoGeneX NV, Antwerp, Belgium and AZ Sint-Maarten Hospital, Mechelen, Belgium
  292. 292. Department of Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
  293. 293. Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ghent, Gent, Belgium
  294. 294. Medical Oncology, GZA, Antwerp, Belgium
  295. 295. Pathology department of ZNA and GZA hospitals in Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
  296. 296. Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  297. 297. Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
  298. 298. Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
  299. 299. Department of Pathology, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
  300. 300. Department of Development and Regeneration, Laboratory of Experimental Urology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  301. 301. Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Laboratory, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Canada
  302. 302. Trev & Joyce Deeley Research Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, Canada
  303. 303. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  304. 304. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
  305. 305. Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  306. 306. Center for Pharmacogenomics and Fudan-Zhangjiang, Center for Clinical Genomics School of Life Sciences and Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
  307. 307. Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
  308. 308. DTU Compute, Department of Applied Mathematics, Technical University of Denmark
  309. 309. Visiopharm A/S, Horsholm, Denmark
  310. 310. Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
  311. 311. Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  312. 312. Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
  313. 313. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
  314. 314. Gustave Roussy, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
  315. 315. Universite Paris-Sud, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Villejuif, France
  316. 316. Universite Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
  317. 317. Service de biostatistique et dfepidemiologie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
  318. 318. Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
  319. 319. Centre de Lutte Contre le cancer - Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  320. 320. R&D UniCancer, Paris, France
  321. 321. Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Grand Paris, France
  322. 322. Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
  323. 323. Service de Biostatistique et d’Epidemiologie, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Universite-Paris Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
  324. 324. Department of Surgical Pathology and Biopathology, Jean Perrin Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  325. 325. Institute of Pathology, Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  326. 326. Breast Center, Dept. OB&GYN and CCC (LMU), University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  327. 327. Johanniter GmbH - Evangelisches Krankenhaus Bethesda Monchengladbach, West German Study Group, Monchengladbach, Germany
  328. 328. Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universitat Berlin, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
  329. 329. Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Pathology, Chariteplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
  330. 330. Department of Pathology, Bacs-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Kecskemet, Hungary
  331. 331. Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
  332. 332. Department of Pathology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  333. 333. Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan, Italy
  334. 334. Azienda AUSL, Regional Hospital of Aosta, Aosta, Italy
  335. 335. University of Milano, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
  336. 336. Departments of Surgical Pathology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
  337. 337. Kyoto University, Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto, Japan
  338. 338. Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
  339. 339. Department of Breast Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  340. 340. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
  341. 341. Breast Surgery, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
  342. 342. Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
  343. 343. Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
  344. 344. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  345. 345. Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
  346. 346. Department of Pathology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
  347. 347. Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
  348. 348. National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  349. 349. Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical School, Hirakata, Japan
  350. 350. Department of Pathology, Mie University School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
  351. 351. Pathology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
  352. 352. Department of Pathology and Diagnostic Laboratory Services, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  353. 353. Surgical Pathologist, North Shore Hospital, WDHB, Auckland, New Zealand
  354. 354. Department of Oncology & Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gda.sk, Gdansk, Poland
  355. 355. Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Gliwice, Poland
  356. 356. Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center/Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
  357. 357. Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Centre, Lisboa, Portugal
  358. 358. Department of Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
  359. 359. Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  360. 360. Medical Oncology Service, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
  361. 361. Palex Medical SA - Exact Sciences Corp, Madrid, Spain
  362. 362. Department of Oncology, IVO Valencia, Valencia, Spain
  363. 363. Pathology Department, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Fundacion Jimenez Diaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
  364. 364. GEICAM-Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group, Madrid, Spain
  365. 365. Pathology Department, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
  366. 366. Molecular Oncology Group, Vall dfHebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
  367. 367. Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario de Castello, Castello, Spain
  368. 368. Pathology Department, H.U. Vall dfHebron, Barcelona, Spain
  369. 369. Medical Oncology, The Netherland Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  370. 370. Computational Pathology Group, Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  371. 371. Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  372. 372. Department of Research IT, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  373. 373. Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  374. 374. Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  375. 375. Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  376. 376. Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  377. 377. Medical Oncology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
  378. 378. Translational Breast Radiobiology, Institute of Cancer Research, Honorary Consultant Clinical Oncologist (Breast), The Royal Marsden, London, United Kingdom
  379. 379. Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  380. 380. Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  381. 381. Department of Pathology, UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, United Kingdom
  382. 382. University College Hospitals NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
  383. 383. Vivactiv Ltd, Bellingdon, Bucks, United Kingdom
  384. 384. Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, and MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  385. 385. Centre for Evolution and Cancer
  386. 386. Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
  387. 387. Clinical Trial Service Unit & Epidemiological Studies Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
  388. 388. Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
  389. 389. King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  390. 390. Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center at the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
  391. 391. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Joint Appointment, Department of laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Research Chair, Division of Medical Oncology, Robert Mutter Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
  392. 392. Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, New York, NY, United States
  393. 393. Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of California San Diego Health System, San Diego, CA, United States
  394. 394. Surgical Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
  395. 395. Departments of Pathology, Genomic Medicine, Dermatology, and Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  396. 396. PhenoPath Laboratories, Seattle, WA, United States
  397. 397. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  398. 398. Case Western Reserve University
  399. 399. Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Health Administration Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
  400. 400. Pulmonary Pathology, New York University Center for Biospecimen Research and Development, New York University, New York, NY, United States
  401. 401. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
  402. 402. PathAI, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
  403. 403. Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
  404. 404. Breast Cancer Trials, Women’s Malignancies Disease Group, The Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
  405. 405. Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center affiliated with Case Western University, Cleveland, OH, United States
  406. 406. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
  407. 407. Departments of Pathology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, United States
  408. 408. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Operations Center/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
  409. 409. Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Medical Centre, New York, NY, United States
  410. 410. Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
  411. 411. Mayo Clinic Breast SPORE, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
  412. 412. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  413. 413. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  414. 414. Oncology Clinical Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States
  415. 415. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
  416. 416. Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
  417. 417. Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
  418. 418. Department of Pathology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  419. 419. National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
  420. 420. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
  421. 421. Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
  422. 422. PathAI Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States
  423. 423. Translational Sciences, MedImmune, Gaithersberg, MD, United States
  424. 424. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
  425. 425. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, United States
  426. 426. Department of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
  427. 427. Departments of Medicine and Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
  428. 428. NSABP/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
  429. 429. Yale Cancer Center Genetics, Genomics and Epigenetics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
  430. 430. Pathology Department, Stanford University Medical Centre, Stanford, CA, United States
  431. 431. Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CN, United States
  432. 432. Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
  433. 433. Biorepository and Tissue Technology Shared Resources, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
  434. 434. Breast Cancer Research Foundation, New York, NY, United States
  435. 435. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
  436. 436. Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, NY, United States
  437. 437. Roche Tissue Diagnostics, Digital Pathology, Santa Clara, CA, United States
  438. 438. Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
  439. 439. Division of Biostatistics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
  440. 440. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
  441. 441. Vernon Cancer Center, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Newton, MA, United States
  442. 442. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
  443. 443. Division of Hematology-Oncology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
  444. 444. Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
  445. 445. Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
  446. 446. Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network, Central Laboratory and Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
  447. 447. Department of Pathology, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
  448. 448. Translational Medicine, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, United States
  449. 449. Anatomic Pathology, Boston, MA, United States
  450. 450. Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
  451. 451. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Providence, RI, United States
  452. 452. Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
  453. 453. Pathology and Tissue Analytics, Roche, Basel, Switzerland
  454. 454. Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

Source: npj Breast Cancer Published:2021


Abstract

The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC. © 2021, The Author(s).
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