Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Carbon Dots With Red Emission As Nanoprobe for Sensing of Heparin in Biofluids and Pharmaceutical Samples Publisher



Safarpoor M1 ; Dinarvand R1 ; Ghaedi M2 ; Asfaram A3
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj, 75918-74831, Iran
  3. 3. Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

Source: RSC Advances Published:2025


Abstract

Heparin (HEP) is one of the oldest anticoagulant drugs, widely used in clinical settings, particularly in surgery and dialysis machines. Despite its long history, it remains extensively employed in medical practice. This study introduces a selective and cost-effective method for the rapid detection of HEP using red-emission carbon dots (R-CDs). These R-CDs were synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method, utilizing neutral red and thiourea for photostability, biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity. Key parameters affecting the sensing process, including nanoprobe volume, pH, buffer type, and incubation time, were optimized to achieve potential assay conditions. The fluorescence intensity of the nanoprobe at 625 nm gradually decreased as the concentration of HEP increased from 60 to 240 nM. These changes in fluorescence intensity showed a linear relationship with HEP concentration within this range, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 nM. The proposed nanoprobes facilitate both quantitative and qualitative non-invasive analysis of HEP in various human biofluids, suggesting their potential for broader bioanalytical applications. © 2025 The Author(s)