Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality

Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality Publisher Pubmed

Ghazanfari T¹ ; Salehi MR^{2, 20, 21} ; Namaki S³ ; Arabkheradmand J⁴ ; Rostamian A⁵ ; Rajabnia Chenary M^{6, 12} ; Ghaffarpour S^{7, 17, 22, 26} ; Kaboudanian Ardestani S⁸ ; Edalatifard M⁹ ; Naghizadeh MM¹⁰ ; Mohammadi S¹¹ ; Mahloujirad M^{6, 12} ; Izadi A¹³ ; Ghanaati H¹⁴ Show All Authors

Ghazanfari T¹
Salehi MR^{2, 20, 21}
Namaki S³
Arabkheradmand J⁴
Rostamian A⁵
Rajabnia Chenary M^{6, 12}
Ghaffarpour S^{7, 17, 22, 26}
Kaboudanian Ardestani S⁸
Edalatifard M⁹
Naghizadeh MM¹⁰
Mohammadi S¹¹
Mahloujirad M^{6, 12}
Izadi A¹³
Ghanaati H¹⁴
Beigmohammadi MT^{15, 19}
Vodjgani M¹⁶
Mohammad Shirazi B^{7, 17, 22, 26}
Mirsharif ES^{7, 17, 22, 26}
Abdollahi A¹⁸
Mohammadi M^{15, 19}
Emadi Kouchak H^{2, 20, 21}
Dehghan Manshadi SA^{2, 20, 21}
Zamani MS^{7, 17, 22, 26}
Mahmoodi Aliabadi M²³
Jamali D²⁴
Khajavirad N²⁵
Mohseni Majd AM^{7, 17, 22, 26}
Nasiri Z^{7, 17, 22, 26}
Faghihzadeh S²⁷

Show Affiliations

1. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Iran AND Simorgh Clinical Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4. Ahya Neuroscience Research Center, Tehran, Iran
5. Department of Rheumatology, Valiasr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6. Simorgh Clinical Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
7. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
8. Department of Immunology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
9. Thoracic Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Iran AND Non-communicable diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Tehran, Iran
11. Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
12. Simorgh Clinical Laboratory, Tehran, Iran
13. Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
14. Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center (ADIR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
15. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
16. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
17. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
18. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
19. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
20. Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
21. Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
22. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
23. Department of Laboratory, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
24. Department of Immunology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
25. Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
26. Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
27. Department of Biostatistics and Social Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

Source: Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology Published:2021

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly all over the world in late 2019 and caused critical illness and death in some infected patients. This study aimed at examining several laboratory factors, especially inflammatory and immunological mediators, to identify severity and mortality associated biomarkers. Ninety-three hospitalized patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were classified based on disease severity. The levels of biochemical, hematological, immunological, and inflammatory mediators were assessed, and their association with severity and mortality were evaluated. Hospitalized patients were mostly men (77.4%) with an average (standard deviation) age of 59.14 (14.81) years. The mortality rate was significantly higher in critical patients (85.7%). Increased serum levels of blood sugar, urea, creatinine, uric acid, phosphorus, total bilirubin, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and procalcitonin were significantly prevalent (p=0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.014, p=0.047, p=0.003, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, P<0.001, and p<0.001, respectively) in COVID-19 patients. Decreased red blood cell, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were significantly prevalent among COVID-19 patients than healthy control subjects (p<0.001 for all). Troponin-I, interleukin-6, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), procalcitonin, and D-dimer showed a significant association with the mortality of patients with specificity and sensitivity more than 60%. Age, sex, underlying diseases, blood oxygen pressure, complete blood count along with C-reactive protein, lactic dehydrogenase, procalcitonin, D-dimer, and interleukin-6 evaluation help to predict the severity and required management for COVID-19 patients. Further investigations are highly recommended in a larger cohort study for validation of the present findings.

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Ghazanfari T, et al.. "Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality." Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology, vol. 20, no. 1, 2021, pp. 46-66.
APA	Ghazanfari T, Salehi MR, Namaki S, Arabkheradmand J, Rostamian A, Rajabnia Chenary M, Ghaffarpour S, Kaboudanian Ardestani S, Edalatifard M, Naghizadeh MM, Mohammadi S, Mahloujirad M, Izadi A, Ghanaati H, Beigmohammadi MT, Vodjgani M, Mohammad Shirazi B, Mirsharif ES, Abdollahi A, ... Faghihzadeh S (2021). Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality. Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology, 20(1), 46-66.
Chicago	Ghazanfari T, Salehi MR, Namaki S, Arabkheradmand J, Rostamian A, Rajabnia Chenary M, Ghaffarpour S, et al.. "Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality." Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology 20, no. 1 (2021): 46-66.
Harvard	Ghazanfari T et al. (2021) 'Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality', Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology, 20(1), pp. 46-66.
Vancouver	Ghazanfari T, Salehi MR, Namaki S, Arabkheradmand J, Rostamian A, Rajabnia Chenary M, et al.. Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality. Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology. 2021;20(1):46-66.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Ghazanfari T and Salehi MR and Namaki S and Arabkheradmand J and Rostamian A and Rajabnia Chenary M and Ghaffarpour S and Kaboudanian Ardestani S and Edalatifard M and Naghizadeh MM and Mohammadi S and Mahloujirad M and Izadi A and Ghanaati H and Beigmohammadi MT and Vodjgani M and Mohammad Shirazi B and Mirsharif ES and Abdollahi A and Mohammadi M and Emadi Kouchak H and Dehghan Manshadi SA and Zamani MS and Mahmoodi Aliabadi M and Jamali D and Khajavirad N and Mohseni Majd AM and Nasiri Z and Faghihzadeh S}, title = {Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality}, journal = {Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology}, volume = {20}, number = {1}, pages = {46-66}, year = {2021} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Ghazanfari T AU - Salehi MR AU - Namaki S AU - Arabkheradmand J AU - Rostamian A AU - Rajabnia Chenary M AU - Ghaffarpour S AU - Kaboudanian Ardestani S AU - Edalatifard M AU - Naghizadeh MM AU - Mohammadi S AU - Mahloujirad M AU - Izadi A AU - Ghanaati H AU - Beigmohammadi MT AU - Vodjgani M AU - Mohammad Shirazi B AU - Mirsharif ES AU - Abdollahi A AU - Mohammadi M AU - Emadi Kouchak H AU - Dehghan Manshadi SA AU - Zamani MS AU - Mahmoodi Aliabadi M AU - Jamali D AU - Khajavirad N AU - Mohseni Majd AM AU - Nasiri Z AU - Faghihzadeh S TI - Interpretation of Hematological, Biochemical, and Immunological Findings of Covid-19 Disease: Biomarkers Associated With Severity and Mortality JO - Iranian journal of allergy# asthma# and immunology VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 66 PY - 2021 ER -

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