Case Report: First Coinfection Report of Mixed Leishmania Infantum/Leishmania Major and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Report of a Case of Disseminated Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran Publisher Pubmed



Badirzadeh A¹ ; Mohebali M^{2, 3} ; Sabzevari S⁴ ; Ghafoori M⁵ ; Arzamani K⁴ ; Seyyedin M⁶ ; Hashemi SA⁴
Source: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Published:2018

Abstract

Visceral leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is the third most common opportunistic disease in immunosuppressed patients, such as those affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Although the reports have been characterized as Leishmania/HIV coinfections, the occurrence of a mixed infection by two Leishmania species in HIV-positive patients is rare. Here, we present an atypical case of disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) in a 26-year-old HIV-positive man. The diagnosis ofDCLwas established using skin biopsy and histopathology examinations and confirmed bymolecular techniques. This is the first case of a Leishmania/HIV coinfection due to a mixed infection of Leishmania infantum/Leishmania major in Iran. © 2018 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.