Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case

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Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran Publisher Pubmed

Rashidian H¹ ; Hadji M^{1, 2} ; Ansarimoghaddam A³ ; Bakhshi M³ ; Nejatizadeh A⁴ ; Marzban M^{5, 6} ; Rezaianzadeh A⁷ ; Seyyedsalehi MS^{1, 8} ; Moradi A⁹ ; Gholipour M¹⁰ ; Alizadehnavaei R¹¹ ; Freedman ND¹² ; Malekzadeh R^{13, 14} ; Etemadi A^{12, 14} Show All Authors

Rashidian H¹
Hadji M^{1, 2}
Ansarimoghaddam A³
Bakhshi M³
Nejatizadeh A⁴
Marzban M^{5, 6}
Rezaianzadeh A⁷
Seyyedsalehi MS^{1, 8}
Moradi A⁹
Gholipour M¹⁰
Alizadehnavaei R¹¹
Freedman ND¹²
Malekzadeh R^{13, 14}
Etemadi A^{12, 14}
Kamangar F¹⁵
Weiderpass E¹⁶
Pukkala E^{2, 17}
Boffetta P^{8, 18}
Zendehdel K^{1, 8}

Show Affiliations

1. Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
3. Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
4. Tobacco and Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
5. Statistical Genetics Lab, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
6. Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran
7. Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
8. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy
9. Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
10. Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
11. Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
12. Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
13. Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
14. Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
15. Department of Biology, School of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
16. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
17. Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland
18. Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States

Source: Public Health Published:2024

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the association between lung cancer and waterpipe smoking, which is an emerging global public health concern. Study design: Multicentre case-control study. Methods: This study included 627 cases and 3477 controls from the Iranian Study of Opium and Cancer (IROPICAN) study, which was conducted between 2017 and 2020. One frequency-matched control for each lung cancer patient was selected by age, gender and residential place; however, this study used controls of four cancer types in the analyses. The multivariable logistic regression model estimated the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additional analyses were performed among 181 lung cancer cases and 2141 controls who were not cigarette smokers or opium or nass/pipe users. Results: The odds of lung cancer were higher among waterpipe smokers than never-smokers (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.7). Results showed a higher OR of lung cancer for those who smoked the waterpipe daily (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4–3.0), smoked more than two heads per day (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.8–4.0), had smoked for >20 years (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.7), smoked more than 20 head-years (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.9–4.1) and initiated smoking before the age of 30 years (OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.5). The association was only statistically significant for squamous cell carcinomas (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7). Furthermore, this study observed a higher OR of lung cancer among exclusive waterpipe smokers (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.5). Conclusions: Waterpipe smoking was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. The association was stronger with higher frequency, duration and intensity of exposure to waterpipe smoking. The association increases in exclusive waterpipe smokers, which is likely due to controlling for residual confounding by cigarette smoking and opium consumption, and higher exposure levels in this subpopulation. © 2024 The Royal Society for Public Health

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Rashidian H, et al.. "Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran." Public Health, vol. 231, no. , 2024, pp. 166-172.
APA	Rashidian H, Hadji M, Ansarimoghaddam A, Bakhshi M, Nejatizadeh A, Marzban M, Rezaianzadeh A, Seyyedsalehi MS, Moradi A, Gholipour M, Alizadehnavaei R, Freedman ND, Malekzadeh R, Etemadi A, Kamangar F, Weiderpass E, Pukkala E, Boffetta P, Zendehdel K (2024). Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran. Public Health, 231(), 166-172.
Chicago	Rashidian H, Hadji M, Ansarimoghaddam A, Bakhshi M, Nejatizadeh A, Marzban M, Rezaianzadeh A, et al.. "Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran." Public Health 231, no. (2024): 166-172.
Harvard	Rashidian H et al. (2024) 'Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran', Public Health, 231(), pp. 166-172.
Vancouver	Rashidian H, Hadji M, Ansarimoghaddam A, Bakhshi M, Nejatizadeh A, Marzban M, et al.. Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran. Public Health. 2024;231():166-172.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Rashidian H and Hadji M and Ansarimoghaddam A and Bakhshi M and Nejatizadeh A and Marzban M and Rezaianzadeh A and Seyyedsalehi MS and Moradi A and Gholipour M and Alizadehnavaei R and Freedman ND and Malekzadeh R and Etemadi A and Kamangar F and Weiderpass E and Pukkala E and Boffetta P and Zendehdel K}, title = {Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran}, journal = {Public Health}, volume = {231}, number = {}, pages = {166-172}, year = {2024} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Rashidian H AU - Hadji M AU - Ansarimoghaddam A AU - Bakhshi M AU - Nejatizadeh A AU - Marzban M AU - Rezaianzadeh A AU - Seyyedsalehi MS AU - Moradi A AU - Gholipour M AU - Alizadehnavaei R AU - Freedman ND AU - Malekzadeh R AU - Etemadi A AU - Kamangar F AU - Weiderpass E AU - Pukkala E AU - Boffetta P AU - Zendehdel K TI - Association Between Waterpipe Smoking and Lung Cancer: A Multicentre Case–Control Study in Iran JO - Public Health VL - 231 IS - SP - 166 EP - 172 PY - 2024 ER -

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