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Validation of the Self-Reported Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus, Hypercholesterolemia, and Hypertension in Iran; Steps 2016 Publisher



Merati M1 ; Mohebi F2, 3 ; Alipour E2, 4 ; Masinaei M2 ; Pooyan A2, 4 ; Mehdipour P2, 5 ; Mohajer B2, 6 ; Komaki H7, 8 ; Mobarakabadi M7, 9 ; Farzadfar F2, 10
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
  2. 2. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, CA, United States
  4. 4. Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  5. 5. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  6. 6. Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
  7. 7. Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
  8. 8. Khoury College of Computer Science, Northeastern University, Boston, CA, United States
  9. 9. University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
  10. 10. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Published:2024


Abstract

Purpose: As a part of STEPwise approach to risk factor Surveillance (STEPS) study, our aim was to evaluate the validity of the self-reported diagnosis of diabetes (DM), hypertension (HTN), and hypercholesterolemia (Hyper-Chol) in the Iranian population. Methods: Using systematic proportional to size cluster sampling, 27,232 participants were included in our study. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) to assess the validity of self-reported diagnoses. Furthermore, logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between the validity of self-reported diagnoses and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. All analyses were performed using STATA version 14. Results: The PPV for self-report of DM, HTN, and Hyper-Chol were estimated to be 69%, 74% and 80%, and NPV measured up to 95%, 84%, and 50%, respectively. Positive/negative self-reports were more accurate among older (younger) individuals. Age had a negative correlation with the validity of self-reported Hyper-Chol but a positive correlation with the validity of self-reported DM and hypertension HTN. Additionally, an increase in BMI was associated with an increase/decrease in PPV and a decrease/increase in NPV across all diseases. Conclusion: Self-report studies hold value in situations where direct in-person interaction is not feasible, either due to prohibitive costs or restrictions imposed by infectious diseases (COVID-19). Self-report surveys are valuable tools in studying the epidemiology of diseases; however, the type of the disease, the study purpose, either finding sick people or healthy people, the age subgroups, and socioeconomic status should be taken into consideration. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
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