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The Economic Burden of Smoking-Attribution and Years of Life Lost Due to Chronic Diseases in Mashhad, 2015-2016 Publisher



Varmaghani M1, 2 ; Ghobadi M3 ; Sharifi F2, 4 ; Roshanfekr P5 ; Sheidaei A2, 6 ; Mansouri M7 ; Adel A8 ; Mohammadi M8 ; Masjedi M9, 10, 11
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  2. 2. Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Health Management, Health Policy and Health Economics, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  4. 4. Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute
  5. 5. Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health
  7. 7. Students' Health Services, Students' Health and Consultation Center, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  9. 9. Tobacco Control Research Center (TCRC), Iranian Anti-tobacco Association, Tehran, Iran
  10. 10. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  11. 11. Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: International Journal of Preventive Medicine Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Tobacco smoking is one of the most preventable causes of mortality related to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to estimate the direct economic burden and years of life lost (YLL) attributable to smoking in NCDs in Mashhad, 2015-2016. Methods: Hospital-based data were utilized to calculate the economic burden of four selected diseases related to smoking. An epidemiological population-attributable risk method was used to determine the smoking-attributable fraction (SAF). Moreover, the study was conducted by data related to disease-specific expenditures and patients' information on cost and the number of mortality for estimating the YLL for each disease, population and life expectancy data, the prevalence of smoking, and the relative risk of smoking. Data analysis was performed with STATA software, version 12. Results: The total costs attributable to smoking for stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer were 94148, 151272, 1191396, and 574784 US Dollars, respectively (per 100000). In 2015, the YLL per deaths due to COPD were 4217 and 3522 among males and females, respectively. Furthermore, in 2016, the YLL per deaths due to the stroke in males and females were 8317 and 7563, respectively. In the same year, the highest proportion of years of potential life lost per 100000 smoking-attributable deaths belonged to COPD. Conclusions: The results of this study can be used to inform policy-makers about smoking-attributable diseases in Iran. To decrease the smoking-attributable costs, which have resulted in the spread of NCDs, policy-makers should adopt and implement effective policies regarding smoking prevention and control. © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
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