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Hearing Loss Prevalence and Years Lived With Disability, 1990-2019: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 Publisher Pubmed



Haile LM1 ; Kamenov K2 ; Briant PS1 ; Orji AU1 ; Steinmetz JD1 ; Abdoli A3 ; Abdollahi M4, 5 ; Abugharbieh E6 ; Afshin A1, 7 ; Ahmed H8 ; Rashid TA9 ; Akalu Y10 ; Alahdab F11 ; Alanezi FM12 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Haile LM1
  2. Kamenov K2
  3. Briant PS1
  4. Orji AU1
  5. Steinmetz JD1
  6. Abdoli A3
  7. Abdollahi M4, 5
  8. Abugharbieh E6
  9. Afshin A1, 7
  10. Ahmed H8
  11. Rashid TA9
  12. Akalu Y10
  13. Alahdab F11
  14. Alanezi FM12
  15. Alanzi TM13
  16. Al Hamad H14, 15
  17. Ali L16
  18. Alipour V17
  19. Alraddadi RM18
  20. Amu H19
  21. Arabloo J17
  22. Arabzozani M20
  23. Arulappan J21
  24. Ashbaugh C1
  25. Atnafu DD22
  26. Babar ZUD23
  27. Baig AA24
  28. Banik PC25
  29. Barnighausen TW26, 221
  30. Barrow A27, 28
  31. Bender RG1
  32. Bhagavathula AS29, 30
  33. Bhardwaj N31
  34. Bhardwaj P32, 33
  35. Bibi S34
  36. Bijani A35
  37. Burkart K1, 7
  38. Cederroth CR36, 37
  39. Charan J38
  40. Choudhari SG39
  41. Chu DT40
  42. Couto RAS41
  43. Dagnew AB42
  44. Dagnew B43
  45. Dahlawi SMA44
  46. Dai X1
  47. Dandona L1, 45, 46
  48. Dandona R1, 7, 45
  49. Desalew A47
  50. Dhamnetiya D48
  51. Dhimal ML49
  52. Dhimal M50
  53. Doyle KE51, 52
  54. Duncan BB53
  55. Ekholuenetale M54, 55
  56. Filip I56, 57
  57. Fischer F58
  58. Franklin RC59
  59. Gaidhane AM39
  60. Gaidhane S60
  61. Gallus S61
  62. Ghamari F62
  63. Ghashghaee A17, 63
  64. Ghozali G64
  65. Gilani SA65, 66
  66. Glavan IR67
  67. Golechha M68
  68. Goulart BNG53
  69. Gupta VB69
  70. Gupta VK70
  71. Hamidi S71
  72. Hammond BR72
  73. Hay SI1, 2
  74. Hayat K73, 74
  75. Heidari G75
  76. Hoffman HJ76, 77
  77. Hopf KP78
  78. Hosseinzadeh M17
  79. Househ M79
  80. Hussain R80
  81. Hwang BF81
  82. Iavicoli I82
  83. Ibitoye SE83
  84. Ilesanmi OS84, 85
  85. Irvani SSN86
  86. Islam SMS87, 88
  87. Iwagami M89, 90
  88. Jacob L91, 92
  89. Jayapal SK93
  90. Jha RP94
  91. Jonas JB95, 96
  92. Kalhor R97, 98
  93. Alsalihi NK99
  94. Kandel H100, 101
  95. Kasa AS102
  96. Kayode GA103, 104
  97. Khalilov R105, 106
  98. Khan EA107
  99. Khatib MN108
  100. Kosen S109
  101. Koyanagi A110, 111
  102. Kumar GA45
  103. Landires I112, 113
  104. Lasrado S114
  105. Lim SS1
  106. Liu X115
  107. Lobo SW116, 117
  108. Lugo A61
  109. Makki A118
  110. Mendoza W119
  111. Mersha AG120, 121
  112. Mihretie KM122
  113. Miller TR123, 124
  114. Misra S125
  115. Mohamed TA126
  116. Mohammadi M127
  117. Mohammadianhafshejani A128
  118. Mohammed A129
  119. Mokdad AH1, 7
  120. Moni MA130
  121. Kandel SN131
  122. Nguyen HLT132
  123. Nixon MR1
  124. Noubiap JJ133
  125. Nunezsamudio V134, 135
  126. Oancea B136
  127. Oguoma VM137
  128. Olagunju AT138, 139
  129. Olusanya BO140
  130. Olusanya JO140
  131. Orru H141, 142
  132. Owolabi MO143, 144
  133. Padubidri JR145
  134. Pakshir K146
  135. Pardhan S147
  136. Kan FP148
  137. Pasovic M1
  138. Pawar S149
  139. Pham HQ132
  140. Pinheiro M150
  141. Pourshams A151
  142. Rabiee N152
  143. Rabiee M153
  144. Radfar A154
  145. Rahim F155, 156
  146. Rahimimovaghar V157
  147. Ur Rahman MH158
  148. Rahman M159
  149. Rahmani AM160, 161
  150. Rana J162, 163
  151. Rao CR164
  152. Rao SJ165
  153. Rashedi V166
  154. Rawaf DL167, 168
  155. Rawaf S169, 170
  156. Renzaho AMN171, 172
  157. Rezapour A17
  158. Ripon RK173
  159. Rodrigues V174
  160. Rustagi N32
  161. Saeed U175
  162. Sahebkar A176, 177
  163. Samy AM178
  164. Santricmilicevic MM179, 180
  165. Sathian B14, 181
  166. Satpathy M182, 183
  167. Sawhney M184
  168. Schlee W185
  169. Schmidt MI53
  170. Seylani A186
  171. Shaikh MA187
  172. Shannawaz M188
  173. Shiferaw WS189
  174. Siabani S190, 191
  175. Singal A192
  176. Singh JA193, 194
  177. Singh JK195
  178. Singhal D196, 197
  179. Skryabin VY198
  180. Skryabina AA199
  181. Sotoudeh H200
  182. Spurlock EE1
  183. Taddele BW201
  184. Tamiru AT202
  185. Tareque MI159
  186. Thapar R203
  187. Tovanipalone MR204, 205
  188. Tran BX206
  189. Ullah S34
  190. Tahbaz SV207, 208
  191. Violante FS209, 210
  192. Vlassov V211
  193. Vo B212
  194. Vongpradith A1
  195. Vu GT213
  196. Wei J214
  197. Yadollahpour A215
  198. Jabbari SHY207
  199. Yeshaw Y216
  200. Yigit V217
  201. Yirdaw BW202
  202. Yonemoto N218, 219
  203. Yu C220
  204. Yunusa I221, 222
  205. Zamani M223
  206. Zastrozhin MS224, 225
  207. Zastrozhina A226
  208. Zhang ZJ227
  209. Zhao JT1
  210. Murray CJL1
  211. Davis AC228, 229
  212. Vos T1, 7, 230
  213. Chadha S2
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  2. 2. Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland
  3. 3. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
  4. 4. The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  7. 7. Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
  8. 8. Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
  9. 9. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq
  10. 10. Department of Medical Physiology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  11. 11. Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN, United States
  12. 12. Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  13. 13. Health Information Management and Technology Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  14. 14. Geriatric and Long Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  15. 15. Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
  16. 16. Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
  17. 17. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Tehran, Iran
  18. 18. Department of Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  19. 19. Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
  20. 20. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
  21. 21. Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
  22. 22. Department of Health System and Health Economics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  23. 23. Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
  24. 24. Unit of Biochemistry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (Sultan Zainal Abidin University), Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  25. 25. Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  26. 26. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
  27. 27. Department of Public and Environmental Health, University of The Gambia, Brikama, Gambia
  28. 28. Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Kotu, Gambia
  29. 29. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
  30. 30. Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
  31. 31. Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College Pali, Pali, India
  32. 32. Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  33. 33. School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  34. 34. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
  35. 35. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  36. 36. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
  37. 37. National Institute of Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
  38. 38. Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  39. 39. Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
  40. 40. Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, VNU-International School, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  41. 41. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  42. 42. Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  43. 43. Department of Human Physiology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  44. 44. Environmental Health Department, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  45. 45. Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
  46. 46. Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
  47. 47. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
  48. 48. Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Baba Sahib Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India
  49. 49. Research and Social Development Department, Nepal Pollution Control and Environment Centre, Lalitpur, Nepal
  50. 50. Health Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
  51. 51. School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  52. 52. School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
  53. 53. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
  54. 54. Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  55. 55. Faculty of Public Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  56. 56. Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, CA, United States
  57. 57. School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, United States
  58. 58. Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany
  59. 59. School of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University Douglas, QLD, Australia
  60. 60. Department of Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
  61. 61. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
  62. 62. Occupational Health Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
  63. 63. Student Research Committee, Tehran, Iran
  64. 64. Department of Public Health, University of Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda, Indonesia
  65. 65. Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  66. 66. Afro-Asian Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
  67. 67. Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
  68. 68. Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
  69. 69. School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
  70. 70. Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  71. 71. School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
  72. 72. Brain and Behavioral Sciences Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
  73. 73. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
  74. 74. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China
  75. 75. Santa Clara, CA, United States
  76. 76. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
  77. 77. Division of Scientific Programs, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
  78. 78. Virginia Beach, VA, United States
  79. 79. College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
  80. 80. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
  81. 81. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
  82. 82. Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
  83. 83. Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  84. 84. Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  85. 85. Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  86. 86. Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  87. 87. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
  88. 88. Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  89. 89. Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
  90. 90. Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
  91. 91. Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain
  92. 92. Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
  93. 93. Centre of Studies and Research, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman
  94. 94. Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
  95. 95. Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
  96. 96. Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
  97. 97. Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  98. 98. Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
  99. 99. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Hewler, Iraq
  100. 100. Ophthalmology Department, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  101. 101. Ophthalmology Department, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  102. 102. Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  103. 103. International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  104. 104. Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
  105. 105. Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
  106. 106. Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
  107. 107. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan
  108. 108. Global Evidence Synthesis Initiative, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
  109. 109. Jakarta, Indonesia
  110. 110. Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
  111. 111. Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
  112. 112. Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  113. 113. Ministry of Health, Herrera, Spain
  114. 114. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India
  115. 115. Department of Systems, Populations, and Leadership, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
  116. 116. Department of Professional and Medical Education, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
  117. 117. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University, Macon, GA, United States
  118. 118. Mass Communication Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
  119. 119. Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), Lima, Peru
  120. 120. School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  121. 121. School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
  122. 122. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
  123. 123. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, MD, United States
  124. 124. School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
  125. 125. Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
  126. 126. College of Dentistry, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
  127. 127. Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
  128. 128. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
  129. 129. Department of Biology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  130. 130. WHO Centre on eHealth, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  131. 131. Bupa Clemton Park, Bupa, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  132. 132. Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  133. 133. Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
  134. 134. Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
  135. 135. Department of Public Health, Herrera, Spain
  136. 136. Administrative and Economic Sciences Department, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
  137. 137. Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, NSW, Australia
  138. 138. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
  139. 139. Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
  140. 140. Centre for Healthy Start Initiative, Lagos, Nigeria
  141. 141. Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
  142. 142. Section of Sustainable Health, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
  143. 143. Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  144. 144. Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
  145. 145. Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
  146. 146. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  147. 147. Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  148. 148. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  149. 149. Department of Genetics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
  150. 150. Department of Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  151. 151. Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  152. 152. Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  153. 153. Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
  154. 154. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
  155. 155. Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  156. 156. Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  157. 157. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  158. 158. Department of Community Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, India
  159. 159. Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
  160. 160. Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
  161. 161. Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
  162. 162. Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  163. 163. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
  164. 164. Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India
  165. 165. Department of Oral Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
  166. 166. Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Tehran, Iran
  167. 167. WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  168. 168. University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
  169. 169. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  170. 170. Academic Public Health England, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom
  171. 171. School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
  172. 172. Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
  173. 173. Department of Public Health, Bangladesh Institute for Tropical Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  174. 174. Community Nursing Unit, Ireland Hospital, Abbeyleix, Ireland
  175. 175. Department of Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center (IDC) Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
  176. 176. Halal Research Center, Food and Drug Administration of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
  177. 177. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  178. 178. Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  179. 179. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  180. 180. School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  181. 181. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, United Kingdom
  182. 182. UGC Centre of Advanced Study in Psychology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India
  183. 183. Udyam-Global Association for Sustainable Development, Bhubaneswar, India
  184. 184. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, United States
  185. 185. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
  186. 186. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
  187. 187. Karachi, Pakistan
  188. 188. Department of Community Medicine, BLDE University, Vijayapur, India
  189. 189. Department of Nursing, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  190. 190. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
  191. 191. School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
  192. 192. Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, India
  193. 193. School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
  194. 194. Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Birmingham, AL, United States
  195. 195. Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Tribhuvan University, Janakpur, Nepal
  196. 196. Department of Ophthalmology, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
  197. 197. Department of Ophthalmology, Gmers Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, India
  198. 198. Department No.16, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
  199. 199. Therapeutic Department, Balashiha Central Hospital, Balashikha, Russian Federation
  200. 200. Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
  201. 201. Department of Pharmacy, Arbaminch College of Health Sciences, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
  202. 202. Department of Midwifery, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  203. 203. Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
  204. 204. Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
  205. 205. Modestum LTD, London, United Kingdom
  206. 206. Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
  207. 207. Clinical Cancer Research Center, Milad General Hospital, Tehran, Iran
  208. 208. Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
  209. 209. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
  210. 210. Occupational Health Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
  211. 211. Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University, Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
  212. 212. Faculty of Information Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  213. 213. Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
  214. 214. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
  215. 215. Psychology Department, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  216. 216. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
  217. 217. Department of Health Management, Suleyman Demirel Universitesi, Suleyman Demirel University), Isparta, Turkey
  218. 218. Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
  219. 219. Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
  220. 220. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  221. 221. Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
  222. 222. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
  223. 223. Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
  224. 224. Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russian Federation
  225. 225. Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
  226. 226. Pediatrics Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
  227. 227. School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
  228. 228. Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
  229. 229. Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
  230. 230. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, WA, United States

Source: The Lancet Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Hearing loss affects access to spoken language, which can affect cognition and development, and can negatively affect social wellbeing. We present updated estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study on the prevalence of hearing loss in 2019, as well as the condition's associated disability. Methods: We did systematic reviews of population-representative surveys on hearing loss prevalence from 1990 to 2019. We fitted nested meta-regression models for severity-specific prevalence, accounting for hearing aid coverage, cause, and the presence of tinnitus. We also forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss until 2050. Findings: An estimated 1·57 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·51–1·64) people globally had hearing loss in 2019, accounting for one in five people (20·3% [19·5–21·1]). Of these, 403·3 million (357·3–449·5) people had hearing loss that was moderate or higher in severity after adjusting for hearing aid use, and 430·4 million (381·7–479·6) without adjustment. The largest number of people with moderate-to-complete hearing loss resided in the Western Pacific region (127·1 million people [112·3–142·6]). Of all people with a hearing impairment, 62·1% (60·2–63·9) were older than 50 years. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index explained 65·8% of the variation in national age-standardised rates of years lived with disability, because countries with a low HAQ Index had higher rates of years lived with disability. By 2050, a projected 2·45 billion (2·35–2·56) people will have hearing loss, a 56·1% (47·3–65·2) increase from 2019, despite stable age-standardised prevalence. Interpretation: As populations age, the number of people with hearing loss will increase. Interventions such as childhood screening, hearing aids, effective management of otitis media and meningitis, and cochlear implants have the potential to ameliorate this burden. Because the burden of moderate-to-complete hearing loss is concentrated in countries with low health-care quality and access, stronger health-care provision mechanisms are needed to reduce the burden of unaddressed hearing loss in these settings. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and WHO. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
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