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Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Iran and Its Neighboring Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Publisher Pubmed



Jimma W1, 2, 3 ; Ghazisaeedi M4 ; Shahmoradi L4 ; Abdurahman AA3, 5 ; Kalhori SRN4 ; Nasehi M7, 8 ; Yazdi S6 ; Safdari R4
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Information Science, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, Ethiopia
  3. 3. Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical Published:2017


Abstract

Tuberculosis, in particular drug-resistant tuberculosis, is of global concern due to the high mortality and morbidity associated with it annually. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of and the risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Iran and its neighboring countries. Four databases (PubMed, BioMed Central, EMBASE, and Web of Science) were searched using key terms. Nineteen eligible articles were identified, of which 12 and seven were used for quantitative and qualitative analysis, respectively. The overall pooled estimate of the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, including both new and previously treated tuberculosis cases, in Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Pakistan was 16% (95% confidence interval [CI] 11-20). The patients with a previous tuberculosis treatment history (odds ratio [OR] = 6.45; 95% CI 5.12-7.79), those aged <45 years (OR = 1.57; 95% CI 1.12-2.03), and those who were males (OR = 1.83; 95% CI 1.19-2.48) had an increased pool risk of developing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The forest plot revealed that the pooled odds for the development of multidrug- resistant tuberculosis were 2.01 (95% CI 1.65-2.36). Poor adherence to treatment was one of the predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is a great concern for public health programs in many countries globally, including those included in this review. The risk factors for the development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, specifically a previous tuberculosis treatment history, should be targeted through the implementation of specialized interventions. © 2017, Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical. All rights reserved.
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