Tehran University of Medical Sciences

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Choline Publisher



Davoudimonfared E1, 2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023


Abstract

Choline is an essential nutrient that has important role in prevention of liver damage, proper brain and muscle function, lipid metabolism and cellular membrane composition and repair. It is a nutrient that can be taken by food or supplements. The estimated oral lethal dose for humans is 200-400g. Some studies have shown that high intake of choline is associated with high level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the body that may lead to cardiovascular events. Although, toxicity occurrence is rare, it can cause cholinergic symptoms like diarrhea, sweating, bradycardia. Atropine and other supportive interventions can help. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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