Biofate and Cellular Interactions of Liposomes Publisher



Rostamnezhad M ; Morad H ; Kargar M ; Moein N
Source: Fundamentals and Therapeutic Applications of Liposomes Published:2025

Abstract

Liposomes are lipid based nanocarriers with high biocompatibility, physicochemical flexibility, and entrapment potential of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs which have been utilized as targeted drug delivery systems. The in vivo performance of liposomes is related to their physicochemical and biological characteristics which extensively reviews in this chapter as the biological fate and cellular interactions. The liposome absorption, distribution, cellular uptake, metabolism, and elimination are significantly influenced by critical parameters like particle size, surface charge, composition, and surface modifications. The opsonization and mononuclear phagocytosis as the main mechanisms in liposome elimination are well investigated via considering cellular interactions like adsorption, endocytosis, fusion, and receptor based internalization. The effectiveness of drug delivery is comprehensively discussed by evaluating the endosomal escape behaviors and intracellular trafficking. The immunological responses to liposomes and related impacts on biodistribution is determined. Moreover, the novel and most recent liposome based immunotherapies and vaccines is investigated. The comprehensive exploration on biological interactions of liposomes, pharmacokinetics and immune system modulation provides a deep recognizing of liposomal biological behavior and suggests designing manipulations which could improve the required effectiveness and biosafety. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.