The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children

The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children Publisher

Mohammadi Najafabadi F¹ ; Soleymani Z¹ ; Zadehlabbaf F² ; Kohansal A¹

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1. Department of Speech Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2. Department of Statics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Applied Neuropsychology: Child Published:2025

Abstract

The present study examined the effects of orthographic knowledge (OK), phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatized naming (RAN), and phonological working memory (PWM) on the reading speed, accuracy, and comprehension of elementary school students. Results from a sample of 176 typically developing children in the second through fourth grades (mean age = 8.9 years) revealed that the correlation between reading and the other variables (PWM, PA, RAN, and OK) was significant. In Persian, which has an abjad writing system and opaque orthography, OK and RAN were the best predictors of reading. The relationship between reading skills and other factors was most evident in the fourth grade. We also found that female students in the fourth grade performed significantly better than male students on reading, RAN and OK. This study highlights of the fact that rapid naming and orthographic processing are more important than phonological processing for predicting reading skills in Persian. © 2025 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

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Zahra Soleymani (1)

Style	Citing Format
MLA	Mohammadi Najafabadi F, et al.. "The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children." Applied Neuropsychology: Child, vol. , no. , 2025, pp. -.
APA	Mohammadi Najafabadi F, Soleymani Z, Zadehlabbaf F, Kohansal A (2025). The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, (), -.
Chicago	Mohammadi Najafabadi F, Soleymani Z, Zadehlabbaf F, Kohansal A. "The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children." Applied Neuropsychology: Child , no. (2025): -.
Harvard	Mohammadi Najafabadi F et al. (2025) 'The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children', Applied Neuropsychology: Child, (), pp. -.
Vancouver	Mohammadi Najafabadi F, Soleymani Z, Zadehlabbaf F, Kohansal A. The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children. Applied Neuropsychology: Child. 2025;():-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Mohammadi Najafabadi F and Soleymani Z and Zadehlabbaf F and Kohansal A}, title = {The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children}, journal = {Applied Neuropsychology: Child}, volume = {}, number = {}, pages = {-}, year = {2025} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Mohammadi Najafabadi F AU - Soleymani Z AU - Zadehlabbaf F AU - Kohansal A TI - The Contribution of Orthographic Knowledge, Phonological Awareness, Rapid Automatized Naming and Phonological Working Memory to the Reading Skills of Typically Developing Children JO - Applied Neuropsychology: Child VL - IS - SP - EP - PY - 2025 ER -

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