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Risk Factors in Patients With Oral Pemphigus Vulgaris: A Case-Control Study Pubmed



Bakhshi M1 ; Manifar S3 ; Azizi N5 ; Asayesh H6 ; Mansouri P4 ; Nasiri S2 ; Hashemi Z8 ; Mehdipour A7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Dental Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Skin Research Center, M.C. Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital, Iran
  3. 3. Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Dermatology and Laser Surgery, Skin, Stem Cell Research Center, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Private Medical Practice, Zanjan, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Medical Emergency, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran
  7. 7. Dental and Oral Health Research Center, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Private Dental Practice, Tehran, Iran

Source: General Dentistry Published:2016


Abstract

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is considered a chronic disease with a potentially fatal outcome. Studies have suggested that environmental factors and personal habits play an important role in the pathogenesis of PV, but more studies are required to elaborate their connection to the disease. The goal of this multicenter case-control study was to determine some of the environmental factors related to PV. Cases (n = 99) were patients with PV, and controls (n = 198) were individuals who did not have PV. Data about demographics, history, clinical findings, occupational exposures to pesticides, smoking status, number of births (parity), herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, and fast food consumption were collected using a structured questionnaire. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the statistically significant factors related to PV were infection with HSV in recent weeks (odds ratio [OR], 3.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75-6.43), parity (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39-0.63), and lack of occupational exposure to pesticides (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.21-0.60). Multivariate analysis revealed that significant factors were cessation of smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.36; 95% CI, 1.50-12.66), HSV infection (AOR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.47-5.75), and lack of occupational exposure to pesticides (AOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.20-0.63). The findings indicated that cessation of smoking and HSV infection in recent weeks are risk factors for PV, while lack of occupational exposure to pesticides and increasing parity (a greater number of births) are protective factors against PV. © Copyright 2016 by the Academy of General Dentistry. All rights reserved.