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Effect of Voriconazole on Biofilm of Filamentous Species Isolated From Keratitis Publisher



Fattahi M1 ; Ghasemi R4 ; Pinegina O3 ; Bahrami MM2 ; Hosseini M2 ; Lotfali E2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
  4. 4. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases Published:2021


Abstract

Background: Biofilm formation is a vital feature of the pathogenesis in filamentous fungi. Objectives: Herein, we investigated in vitro antifungal pattern of biofilm of filamentous species keratitis isolates, and the effect of different concentrations of voriconazole on biofilm morphology changes using scanning electron microscopy. Methods: Here 25 ocular fungal isolates were included (Fusarium solani; (n = 15) and Aspergillus flavus; (n = 10). We determined the biofilm formation of isolates in terms of their susceptibilities to different antifungals on sessile cells. This procedure was performed according to CLSI-M38-3rd. Biofilm morphology changes revealed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Twelve F. solani strains displayed the capacity to form biofilms from patients wearing contact lenses, while 8 A. flavus strains were recovered from cornea scrapings of trauma. Itraconazole, posaconazole and natamycin had the maximum activity against biofilms of all tested filamentous strains (MIC ranging from 0.031-0.25 µg/mL, 0.031-0.25 µg/mL and 2-4 µg/mL), respectively. Three F. solani and one A. flavus strains showed the high MIC values against voriconazole (MIC ≥ 1 µg/mL). Posaconazole revealed the lowest MIC values against biofilms of two strains (MIC ranging from 0.031-0.25 µg/mL); however, no significant difference was observed for itraconazole (P > 0.05). The efficacy of 16 µg/mL and 4 µg/mL of voriconazole was confirmed for biofilm of F. solani and A. flavus, respectively. The considerable changes in the morphologies of improved biofilms were seen by SEM. Conclusions: For the successful treatment of fungal biofilm infections, it was necessary to have knowledge of the mechanism of action, penetration rates, and therapeutic concentrations of drugs. © 2022, Author(s).
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