Discovering Tumor Microenvironment Dynamics in Hpv-Associated Cancers: Using Organoid-Based Models to Develop Therapeutics Publisher



Arjmand B¹ ; Najafi G¹ ; Alavimoghadam S¹ ; Arjmand R¹ ; Rezaeitavirani M² ; Keshtkari S³ ; Larijani B⁴
Source: Regenerative Engineering and Translational Medicine Published:2025

Abstract

Purpose: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a pervasive sexually transmitted infection associated with various cancers, including cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal carcinomas. While the majority of HPV infections are transient and self-limiting, persistent infections with high-risk HPV strains play a critical role in carcinogenesis. Herein, the current knowledge on HPV’s involvement in cancer, the pivotal role of the tumor microenvironment in HPV-related malignancies, and the emerging potential of organoid models in research and therapeutic development were reviewed. Methods: A comprehensive analysis of recent studies and advances in the field was conducted based on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science searching, focusing on the interaction between HPV and the tumor microenvironment and the application of organoid technology. Results: The tumor microenvironment significantly influences the growth and progression of cancers linked to HPV. Organoid models have shown to be useful resources for researching HPV-driven carcinogenesis. Conclusion: Organoid technology’s application in HPV research enhances understanding of tumor microenvironment function, paving the way for specialized treatments and improved management of HPV-associated cancers. Lay Summary: HPV is a prevalent virus associated with a number of malignancies. Scientists are gaining a better understanding of the development of HPV-related malignancies and how they could be treated through new study employing 3D models called organoids. This review emphasizes how crucial these models are to advancing cancer therapy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Regenerative Engineering Society 2024.