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The Association Between Dietary Diversity Score and Odds of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study Publisher Pubmed



Ebrahimi Mousavi S1, 2 ; Dehghanseresht N3 ; Dashti F1 ; Khazaei Y4 ; Salamat S3 ; Asbaghi O5 ; Mansoori A3
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Scientific Research Center
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 61357-15794, Ahvaz, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Science, Iran
  5. 5. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Published:2022


Abstract

Objective There is no previous study that investigated the association between Dietary Diversity Score (DSS) and odds of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study aimed to examine the association between DDS and its components and NAFLD among Iranian adults. Methods In the case-control study, we enrolled 121 newly diagnosed cases of NAFLD and 122 with age, BMI and sex-matched controls. All NAFLD patients were diagnosed through ultrasonography methods by gastroenterologists. Anthropometric parameters of participants including weight, height, hip circumference and waist circumference were measured. A validated 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was applied to assess the usual dietary intakes of participants. Binary logistic regression was conducted to estimate the risk of NAFLD in relation to DDS and its components, including refined grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy and meats. Results The mean age of study participants was 42.7 years of them 53.1% were male. Higher adherence to DDS [odds ratio (OR) = 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.25-0.95] and vegetable group (OR = 0.34; 95% CI, 0.16-0.71) were remarkably associated with lower risk of NAFLD, after adjusting for several confounders including age, BMI, physical activity, energy intake, job, education, and antihypertensive drugs usage. Contrastingly, greater adherence to the refined grain (OR = 3.36; 95% CI, 1.44-7.87) and meat group (OR = 3.27; 95% CI, 1.25-6.90) was significantly associated with increased risk of NAFLD. Conclusion High DDS is inversely correlated with the risk of NAFLD. Hence, increasing the diversity score of diet by emphasizing the higher diversity scores for vegetables and less for meat and refined grains may be profitable for the management of NAFLD. © 2022 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
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