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Gene-Knocked Out Chimeric Antigen Receptor (Car) T Cells: Tuning up for the Next Generation Cancer Immunotherapy Publisher Pubmed



Mirzaei HR1 ; Pourghadamyari H2 ; Rahmati M3 ; Mohammadi A4 ; Nahand JS5 ; Rezaei A6 ; Mirzaei H7 ; Hadjati J1
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Biochemistry and Physiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering and Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Source: Cancer Letters Published:2018


Abstract

Recently clinical trials utilizing genetically engineered T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that is half monoclonal antibody and half T-cell receptor have demonstrated remarkable response in patients with advanced cancers like relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoma. Moreover, emerging chimeric genome editing tools such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZNFs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas composed of sequence-specific DNA binding module(s) linked to a non-specific DNA cleavage domain have made possible to dramatically expand the ability to manipulate cells aim to treat and/or study a wide range of diseases including cancer. Here, we will discuss how joint application of these two chimeras will help us to manipulate CAR T cells aiming to enhance the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy in preclinical and clinical settings. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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