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Evaluating Size-Fractioned Indoor Particulate Matter in an Urban Hospital in Iran Publisher Pubmed



Heibati B1, 2 ; Rivas I3 ; Veysi R4 ; Hoek G5 ; Perezmartinez PJ6 ; Karimi A7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
  2. 2. Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
  3. 3. Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), C/ Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
  4. 4. Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
  5. 5. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, Utrecht, 3594cm, Netherlands
  6. 6. School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Design, University of Campinas, Rua Saturnino de Brito, Campinas, 224, SP, Brazil
  7. 7. Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Published:2021


Abstract

Hospitals host vulnerable people with potentially enhanced sensitivity to air pollutants. We measured particulate matter (PM) including PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 with a portable device in a hospital, a nearby reference building, and ambient air in Shiraz, Iran. Indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio values were calculated to infer on the origin of size-fractioned PM. The mean hospital indoor concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 (4.7 and 38.7 μg/m3, respectively) but not PM1 were higher than in the reference building and lower than in ambient air. The highest hospital PM10 mean concentrations were found in the radiotherapy ward (77.5 μg/m3) and radiology ward (70.4 μg/m3) while the lowest were found in the bone marrow transplantation (BMT) ward (18.5 μg/m3) and cardiac surgery ward (19.8 μg/m3). The highest PM2.5 concentrations were found in the radiology (8.7 μg/m3) and orthopaedic wards (7.7 μg/m3) while the lowest were found in the BMT ward (2.8 μg/m3) and cardiac surgery ward (2.8 μg/m3). The I/O ratios and the timing of peak concentrations during the day (7 a.m. to 4 p.m.) indicated the main roles of outdoor air and human activity on the indoor levels. These suggest the need for mechanical ventilation with PM control for a better indoor air quality (IAQ) in the hospital. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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