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The Efficacy of Social Cognitive Theory-Based Self-Care Intervention for Rational Antibiotic Use: A Randomized Trial Publisher Pubmed



Mohebbi B1 ; Tol A2 ; Sadeghi R2 ; Yaseri M3 ; Somar NA2 ; Agide FD4, 5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Intervention Cardiology, Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Ave., Enghelab SQ., Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia

Source: European Journal of Public Health Published:2018


Abstract

Background: Misuse of antibiotics can be described as a failure to complete treatment, skipping of the doses and reuse of leftover medicines and overuse of antibiotics. Health education interventions are expected to enhance awareness and general belief on rational antibiotics use. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the efficacy of social cognitive theory (SCT)-based self-care intervention for rational antibiotic use. Methods: This randomized trial was conducted in a sample of 260 adults. The study participants were randomly assigned as the intervention (n=130) and a control (n=130) groups. The intervention group received self-care educational intervention of four sessions lasting 45-60 min augmented with the text messages and the control groups attended usual education program in health centers. The study participants were invited to complete questionnaires at the baseline and end of the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Chi-square (X2), independent t-test and covariance analysis were used for data analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After the intervention, all SCT constructs revealed significant differences in the intervention group compared with control groups (P<0.001). Awareness and general beliefs of rational antibiotic use showed a significant difference in intervention group before and after six months (P<0.001) whereas in control group no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusion: The study suggested that tailored appropriate educational programs based on SCT constructs can reflect a positive impact on appropriate antibiotics use. Therefore, a tailored health promotion intervention should be provided to enhance the awareness and general beliefs of the target groups. © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.