Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review

Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review Publisher Pubmed

Sorato MM¹ ; Davari M² ; Kebriaeezadeh A² ; Sarrafzadegan N³ ; Shibru T⁴ ; Fatemi B²

Show Affiliations

1. Department of Pharmacy, Arba Minch University College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
2. Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Source: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Published:2021

Abstract

Aim: Hypertension control in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the worst (less than one out of ten) when compared to the rest of the world. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted to identify and describe the possible reasons for poor blood pressure (BP) control based on 4Ps’ (patient, professional, primary healthcare system, and public health policy) factors. Methods: PRISMA extension for scoping review protocol was used. We systematically searched articles written in the English language from January 2000 to May 2020 from the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google scholar. Results: Sixty-eight articles were included in this scoping review. The mean prevalence of hypertension, BP control, and patient adherence to prescribed medicines were 20.95%, 11.5%, and 60%, respectively. Only Kenya, Malawi, and Zambia out of ten countries started annual screening of the high-risk population for hypertension. Reasons for nonadherence to prescribed medicines were lack of awareness, lack of access to medicines and health services, professional inertia to intensify drugs, lack of knowledge on evidence-based guidelines, insufficient government commitment, and specific health behaviors related laws. Lack of screening for high-risk patients, non-treatment adherence, weak political commitment, poverty, maternal and child malnutrition were reasons for the worst BP control. Conclusion: In conclusion, the rate of BP treatment, control, and medication adherence was low in Eastern SSA. Screening for high-risk populations was inadequate. Therefore, it is crucial to improve government commitment, patient awareness, and access to medicines, design country-specific annual screening programs, and empower clinicians to follow individualized treatment and conduct medication adherence research using more robust tools. © 2021, The Author(s).

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Farshad Farzadfar (7)

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Style	Citing Format
MLA	Sorato MM, et al.. "Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review." BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, vol. 21, no. 1, 2021, pp. -.
APA	Sorato MM, Davari M, Kebriaeezadeh A, Sarrafzadegan N, Shibru T, Fatemi B (2021). Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 21(1), -.
Chicago	Sorato MM, Davari M, Kebriaeezadeh A, Sarrafzadegan N, Shibru T, Fatemi B. "Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review." BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 21, no. 1 (2021): -.
Harvard	Sorato MM et al. (2021) 'Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review', BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 21(1), pp. -.
Vancouver	Sorato MM, Davari M, Kebriaeezadeh A, Sarrafzadegan N, Shibru T, Fatemi B. Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 2021;21(1):-.
BibTex	@article{ author = {Sorato MM and Davari M and Kebriaeezadeh A and Sarrafzadegan N and Shibru T and Fatemi B}, title = {Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review}, journal = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders}, volume = {21}, number = {1}, pages = {-}, year = {2021} }
RIS	TY - JOUR AU - Sorato MM AU - Davari M AU - Kebriaeezadeh A AU - Sarrafzadegan N AU - Shibru T AU - Fatemi B TI - Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review JO - BMC Cardiovascular Disorders VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - EP - PY - 2021 ER -

Style

Citing Format

MLA

Sorato MM, et al.. "Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review." BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, vol. 21, no. 1, 2021, pp. -.

APA

Sorato MM, Davari M, Kebriaeezadeh A, Sarrafzadegan N, Shibru T, Fatemi B (2021). Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 21(1), -.

Chicago

Sorato MM, Davari M, Kebriaeezadeh A, Sarrafzadegan N, Shibru T, Fatemi B. "Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review." BMC Cardiovascular Disorders 21, no. 1 (2021): -.

Harvard

Sorato MM et al. (2021) 'Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review', BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 21(1), pp. -.

Vancouver

Sorato MM, Davari M, Kebriaeezadeh A, Sarrafzadegan N, Shibru T, Fatemi B. Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. 2021;21(1):-.

BibTex

@article{ author = {Sorato MM and Davari M and Kebriaeezadeh A and Sarrafzadegan N and Shibru T and Fatemi B}, title = {Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review}, journal = {BMC Cardiovascular Disorders}, volume = {21}, number = {1}, pages = {-}, year = {2021} }

RIS

TY - JOUR
AU - Sorato MM
AU - Davari M
AU - Kebriaeezadeh A
AU - Sarrafzadegan N
AU - Shibru T
AU - Fatemi B
TI - Reasons for Poor Blood Pressure Control in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa: Looking Into 4P’S (Primary Care, Professional, Patient, and Public Health Policy) for Improving Blood Pressure Control: A Scoping Review
JO - BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
VL - 21
IS - 1
SP -
EP -
PY - 2021
ER -

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