Nephroprotective Effects of L-Carnitine Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Open-Labeled Clinical Trial



Mohammadi M¹ ; Talasaz AH^{1, 2} ; Alidoosti M² ; Pour Hosseini HR² ; Gholami K¹ ; Jalali A² ; Aryannejad H² Show Affiliations
Source: Journal of Tehran University Heart Center Published:2017

Abstract

Background: L-carnitine may prevent the incidence of AKI by its antioxidant effects and improving circulation in ischemic conditions. The goal of this trial was to evaluate the impact of L-carnitine on contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing elective PCI. Methods: Totally, the patients were randomly allocated to 2 groups. The treatment group received 1 g of L-carnitine orally 3 times a day, 24 hours before the procedure (3 g before PCI) and 2 g after PCI, whereas the control group did not receive L-carnitine. In both groups, the plasma level of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was measured at baseline and 12 hours after PCI. Results: Our study was conducted on 202 patients (including 91 vs. 111 patients in the treatment and the control group; 31 (34.1%) vs 33 (29.7%) female in carnitine and control group; and ages include 62.0 ± 9.0 vs 57.0 ± 11.2 years). The median plasma levels of NGAL were not different between the carnitine and control groups at baseline (57 [IQR: 22-255] vs. 54 [IQR: 29-324]; p value = 0.155) and 12 hours after PCI (71 [IQR: 52-129] vs. 70 [IQR: 46-153]; p value = 0.925), but the changes in the plasma NGAL from baseline to 12 hours after PCI were different between the 2 groups (5 [IQR:-147-30] vs. 17 [IQR: -21-41]; p value = 0.010). Conclusion: Our results showed that oral L-carnitine was able to prevent an increase in NGAL following contrast medium administration in patients undergoing PCI. More studies should be performed to fully elucidate the nephroprotective effects of L-carnitine. © 2017, Tehran Heart Center. All rights reserved.