Neuroprotective Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Ad Rat Model Focusing on Cd11b and Synaptophysin Publisher



Doshmanziari M ; Sarveazad A ; Moradi F ; Simorgh S ; Shariatpanahi M ; Eftekharzadeh M
Source: Brain Disorders Published:2025

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of progressive cognitive impairment and is generally age-related. Stem cell therapy, as a new way of treating neurological disorders can improve the nervous system, but there is not enough perception about the underlying mechanisms. In this investigation, we have studied the effect of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) intravenous injection on CD11b and Synaptophysin (SYP) expression in the hippocampus of the AD rat. We used thirty-two male rats (four groups): AD model, Control, Sham and hADSCs (AD+Sc) group. Morris Water Maze (MWM) was utilized to evaluate alterations in behavior. Also, double immunofluorescent staining results determined SYP and CD11b expressions. According to the MWM results, the AD+Sc group's spatial memory improved following the injection of hADSCs. A markedly lower number of dead cells was observed in the AD+Sc group in comparison to the AD rat model, as assessed through Nissl staining. Consequently, hADSCs administration considerably reduced the level of CD11b about 6-fold and increased SYP expression level about 8-fold in the AD+Sc group comparing to the AD group. Firstly, we have demonstrated that hADSCs had neuroprotective effects on AD group through increase in SYP and reduction in CD11b expression. Based on reversal expression of CD11b and SYP in AD model before and after treatment with hADSCs, it seems that microglia have a key role in treatment of the cognitive and learning dysfunction via improving of synaptic function in AD. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.