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Collaborative Outcomes Study on Health and Functioning During Infection Times (Coh-Fit): Insights on Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors for Wellbeing and Mental Health During the Covid-19 Pandemic From Multivariable and Network Analyses Publisher Pubmed



Solmi M1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ; Thompson T7 ; Cortese S8 ; Estrade A4, 9 ; Agorastos A10 ; Radua J4, 11, 12 ; Dragioti E13, 14 ; Vancampfort D15 ; Thygesen LC16 ; Aschauer H17 ; Schlogelhofer M17 ; Aschauer E17 ; Schneeberger A18 ; Huber CG19 Show All Authors
Authors
  1. Solmi M1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
  2. Thompson T7
  3. Cortese S8
  4. Estrade A4, 9
  5. Agorastos A10
  6. Radua J4, 11, 12
  7. Dragioti E13, 14
  8. Vancampfort D15
  9. Thygesen LC16
  10. Aschauer H17
  11. Schlogelhofer M17
  12. Aschauer E17
  13. Schneeberger A18
  14. Huber CG19
  15. Hasler G20
  16. Conus P21
  17. Cuenod KQD21
  18. Von Kanel R22
  19. Arrondo G12, 23
  20. Fusarpoli P4, 24, 25
  21. Gorwood P26, 27
  22. Llorca PM28
  23. Krebs MO27, 29
  24. Scanferla E26
  25. Kishimoto T30
  26. Rabbani G31
  27. Skoniecznazydecka K32
  28. Brambilla P33, 34
  29. Favaro A35
  30. Takamiya A30
  31. Zoccante L36
  32. Colizzi M37
  33. Bourgin J38
  34. Kaminski K39
  35. Moghadasin M40
  36. Seedat S41
  37. Matthews E42
  38. Wells J42
  39. Vassilopoulou E43
  40. Gadelha A44
  41. Su KP45, 46
  42. Kwon JS47
  43. Kim M48
  44. Lee TY49
  45. Papsuev O1, 2, 3
  46. Mankova D51
  47. Boscutti A52
  48. Gerunda C35
  49. Saccon D53
  50. Righi E54
  51. Monaco F55, 56
  52. Croatto G57
  53. Cereda G33
  54. Demurtas J58
  55. Brondino N25
  56. Veronese N59
  57. Enrico P33
  58. Politi P25
  59. Ciappolino V60
  60. Pfennig A61
  61. Bechdolf A62
  62. Meyerlindenberg A63
  63. Kahl KG64
  64. Domschke K65
  65. Bauer M61
  66. Koutsouleris N66
  67. Winter S6
  68. Borgwardt S67
  69. Bitter I68
  70. Balazs J69, 70
  71. Czobor P68
  72. Unoka Z68
  73. Mavridis D71
  74. Tsamakis K72
  75. Bozikas VP10
  76. Tunvirachaisakul C73
  77. Maes M73
  78. Rungnirundorn T73
  79. Supasitthumrong T73
  80. Haque A31
  81. Brunoni AR74, 75
  82. Costardi CG44
  83. Schuch FB76, 77, 78
  84. Polanczyk G74
  85. Luiz JM79
  86. Fonseca L44
  87. Aparicio LV74
  88. Valvassori SS79
  89. Nordentoft M80
  90. Vendsborg P81
  91. Hoffmann SH16
  92. Sehli J82
  93. Sartorius N83
  94. Heuss S84
  95. Guinart D85, 86, 87
  96. Hamilton J88
  97. Kane J89, 90
  98. Rubio J89, 90
  99. Sand M91
  100. Koyanagi A92
  101. Solanes A11
  102. Andreubernabeu A93
  103. Caceres ASJ93
  104. Arango C93
  105. Diazcaneja CM93
  106. Hidalgomazzei D94
  107. Vieta E94
  108. Gonzalezpenas J93
  109. Fortea L11
  110. Parellada M93
  111. Fullana MA11
  112. Verdolini N94, 95
  113. Andrlikova E51
  114. Janku K51
  115. Millan MJ96
  116. Honciuc M28
  117. Moniuszkomalinowska A97
  118. Loniewski I32, 98
  119. Samochowiec J99
  120. Kiszkiel L100
  121. Marlicz M32
  122. Sowa P39
  123. Marlicz W101, 102
  124. Spies G41
  125. Stubbs B103
  126. Firth J104
  127. Sullivan S105
  128. Darcin AE106
  129. Aksu H107
  130. Dilbaz N108
  131. Noyan O108
  132. Kitazawa M30
  133. Kurokawa S30
  134. Tazawa Y30
  135. Anselmi A109
  136. Cracco C109
  137. Machado AI109
  138. Estrade N109
  139. De Leo D110
  140. Curtis J111
  141. Berk M112
  142. Carvalho AF112
  143. Ward P113
  144. Teasdale S113
  145. Rosenbaum S113
  146. Marx W112
  147. Horodnic AV114
  148. Oprea L114
  149. Alexinschi O115
  150. Ifteni P116
  151. Turliuc S114
  152. Ciuhodaru T117
  153. Bolos A114
  154. Matei V118
  155. Nieman DH119
  156. Sommer I120
  157. Van Os J121
  158. Van Amelsvoort T122
  159. Sun CF46, 123
  160. Guu TW46, 72, 124
  161. Jiao C125
  162. Zhang J125
  163. Fan J125
  164. Zou L125
  165. Yu X126
  166. Chi X125
  167. De Timary P127
  168. Van Winkel R129
  169. Ng B130
  170. Pena De Leon E130
  171. Arellano R130
  172. Roman R130
  173. Sanchez T130
  174. Movina L50
  175. Morgado P131, 132
  176. Brissos S133
  177. Aizberg O134
  178. Mosina A135
  179. Krinitski D136
  180. Mugisha J137
  181. Sadeghibahmani D138, 139
  182. Sheybani F140
  183. Sadeghi M141
  184. Hadi S142
  185. Brand S139, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147
  186. Errazuriz A148
  187. Crossley N148
  188. Ristic DI149
  189. Lopezjaramillo C150
  190. Efthymiou D151
  191. Kuttichira P152
  192. Kallivayalil RA153
  193. Javed A154
  194. Afridi MI155, 156
  195. James B157
  196. Sebakahomen OJ158
  197. Fiedorowicz J1, 2, 3
  198. Daskalakis J18
  199. Yatham LN159
  200. Yang L160, 161
  201. Okasha T162
  202. Dahdouh A163
  203. Tiihonen J12, 164
  204. Shin JI165
  205. Lee J166
  206. Mhalla A167
  207. Gaha L167
  208. Brahim T167
  209. Altynbekov K168
  210. Negay N168
  211. Nurmagambetova S168
  212. Jamei YA169
  213. Weiser M170
  214. Correll CU6, 85, 89, 90
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. University of Ottawa, Department of Psychiatry, ON, Canada
  2. 2. The Ottawa Hospital, Department of Mental Health, ON, Canada
  3. 3. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Neurosciences Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
  4. 4. Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  5. 5. Centre for Innovation in Mental Health-Developmental Lab, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, NHS Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
  6. 6. Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Berlin, Germany
  7. 7. Centre for Chronic Illness and Ageing, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom
  8. 8. University of Southampton, Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Southampton, United Kingdom
  9. 9. Universidad Catolica, Department of Psychology, Montevideo, Uruguay
  10. 10. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, II. Dept. of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences, Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Greece
  11. 11. Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD), University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
  12. 12. Karolinska Institutet, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden
  13. 13. Linkoping University, Pain and Rehabilitation Centre and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping, Sweden
  14. 14. University of Ioannina, Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Ioannina, Greece
  15. 15. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium
  16. 16. National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
  17. 17. BioPsyC - Biopsychosocial Corporation, Non-profit association for Research Funding Ltd., Vienna, Austria
  18. 18. University of California San Diego, California, United States
  19. 19. University of Basel, Universitare Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel (UPK), Basel, Switzerland
  20. 20. University of Fribourg, Fribourg Network of Mental Health (RFSM), Fribourg, Switzerland
  21. 21. University of Lausanne, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne, Switzerland
  22. 22. University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Switzerland
  23. 23. University of Navarra, Mind-Brain Group, Institute for Culture and Society (ICS), Pamplona, Spain
  24. 24. OASIS service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
  25. 25. University of Pavia, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Pavia, Italy
  26. 26. Universite Paris Cite, CMME, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France
  27. 27. Institute de Psychiatrie et Neuroscience de Paris, INSERM U1266, Paris, F-75014, France
  28. 28. Universite Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Psychiatrie B, Clermont-Ferrand, France
  29. 29. Universite de Paris, PEPIT, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neuroscience, Paris, France
  30. 30. Keio University School of Medicine, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
  31. 31. The National Foundation of Mental Health of Bangladesh, Bangladesh
  32. 32. Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Department of Biochemical Sciences, Szczecin, Poland
  33. 33. University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
  34. 34. Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Milan, Italy
  35. 35. University of Padua, Neurosciences Department, Padua, Italy
  36. 36. UOC Infanzia, Adolescenza, Famiglia e Consultori, Districts 1 & 2 AULSS 9 Scaligera, Verona, Italy
  37. 37. University of Udine, Department of Medicine (DAME), Unit of Psychiatry, Italy
  38. 38. Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, GHNE, 91440 Bures Sur Yvette, France
  39. 39. Medical University of Bialystok, Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Bialystok, Poland
  40. 40. Kharazmi University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Tehran, Iran
  41. 41. South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Stellenbosch University, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, South Africa
  42. 42. South East Technological University, School of Health Science, Waterford, Ireland
  43. 43. University of Nicosia, Department of Life and Health Sciences, Nicosia, Cyprus
  44. 44. Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Department of Psychiatry, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  45. 45. An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Department of Psychiatry, Tainan, Taiwan
  46. 46. China Medical University Hospital, Mind-Body Interface Research Center, Taichung, Taiwan
  47. 47. Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul, South Korea
  48. 48. Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul, South Korea
  49. 49. Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Yangsan, South Korea
  50. 50. Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry, Moscow, Russian Federation
  51. 51. National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
  52. 52. UTHealth Houston, Department of Psychiatrys, United States
  53. 53. AULSS4 Veneto Orientale, Addictions Department, Italy
  54. 54. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Modena, Italy
  55. 55. ASL Salerno, Department of Mental Health, Salerno, Italy
  56. 56. European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Salerno, Italy
  57. 57. University of Padova, Padova, Italy
  58. 58. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, Modena, Italy
  59. 59. University of Palermo, Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Section, Palermo, Italy
  60. 60. Unit of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ss. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
  61. 61. Technische Universitat Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Dresden, Germany
  62. 62. Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
  63. 63. Heidelberg University, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Germany
  64. 64. Hannover Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany
  65. 65. University of Freiburg, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany
  66. 66. Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
  67. 67. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany
  68. 68. Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
  69. 69. Eotvos Lorand University, Institute of Psychology, Budapest, Hungary
  70. 70. Bjorknes University College, Oslo, Norway
  71. 71. University of Ioannina, Department of Primary Education, Ioannina, Greece
  72. 72. King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
  73. 73. Chulalongkorn University, Department of Psychiatry, Thailand
  74. 74. Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departments of Internal Medicine and Psychiatry, Sao Paulo, Brazil
  75. 75. Instituto de Psiquiatria do Hospital das Clinicas da FMUSP, Brazil
  76. 76. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, RS, Santa Maria, Brazil
  77. 77. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
  78. 78. Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  79. 79. Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, SC, Criciuma, Brazil
  80. 80. University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  81. 81. Psykiatrifonden, Copenhagen, Denmark
  82. 82. Le Jolimont Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Fribourg, Switzerland
  83. 83. Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes (AMH), Switzerland
  84. 84. FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Switzerland
  85. 85. Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, United States
  86. 86. Institut de Salut Mental, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
  87. 87. Hospital del Mar Research Institute, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
  88. 88. University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, McGovern Medical School, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States
  89. 89. The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, United States
  90. 90. Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Manhasset, New York, United States
  91. 91. S2 Consulting LLC
  92. 92. Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
  93. 93. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Maranon, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health (IPS MARANON), IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
  94. 94. University of Barcelona, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
  95. 95. Local Health Unit 1, Department of Mental Health, Mental Health Center of Perugia, Italy
  96. 96. Glasgow University, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medicine, Vet and Life Science, Glasgow, United Kingdom
  97. 97. Medical University of Bialystok, Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Poland
  98. 98. Sanprobi Sp. z o.o. Sp. k, Poland
  99. 99. Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Department of Psychiatry, Szczecin, Poland
  100. 100. University of Bialystok, Institute of Sociology, Society and Cognition Unit, Bialystok, Poland
  101. 101. Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Department of Gastroenterology, Szczecin, Poland
  102. 102. The Centre for Digestive Diseases Endoklinika, Szczecin, Poland
  103. 103. King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  104. 104. University of Manchester, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester, United Kingdom
  105. 105. Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
  106. 106. Istanbul Topkapi University, Istanbul, Turkey
  107. 107. Adnan Menderes University Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aydin, Turkey
  108. 108. Uskudar University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Istanbul, Turkey
  109. 109. Department of Psychology, Universidad Catolica del Uruguay
  110. 110. Griffith University, South East Queensland, Australia
  111. 111. Mindgardens Neuroscience Network, Sydney, Australia
  112. 112. Deakin University School of Medicine, Victoria, Australia
  113. 113. UNSW Sydney, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia
  114. 114. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, Faculty of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
  115. 115. Institute of Psychiatry Socola, Iasi, Romania
  116. 116. Transilvania University of Brasov, Faculty of Medicine, Brasov, Romania
  117. 117. Emergency Hospital Nicolae Oblu, Iasi, Romania
  118. 118. Psychiatry Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia Psychiatric Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
  119. 119. Amsterdam University Medical Centers (location AMC), Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  120. 120. University Medical Center Groningen, Antoni Deusinglaan 2, room 117, Groningen, Netherlands
  121. 121. Utrecht University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht, Netherlands
  122. 122. Maastricht University, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht, Netherlands
  123. 123. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Carilion Clinic Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, United States
  124. 124. China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Internal Medicine, Taiwan
  125. 125. Shenzhen University, School of Psychology, Shenzhen, China
  126. 126. Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Department of Public Mental Health, Pekin, China
  127. 127. UCLouvain, Institute of Neuroscience and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Brussels, Belgium
  128. 128. Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Brussels, Belgium
  129. 129. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium
  130. 130. Asociacion Psiquiatrica Mexicana, Mexico
  131. 131. University of Minho, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Braga, Portugal
  132. 132. ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal
  133. 133. Lisbon's Psychiatric Hospital Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Portugal
  134. 134. Belarusian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Belarus
  135. 135. Clienia AG, Wetzikon Psychiatric Centre, Switzerland
  136. 136. Integrated Psychiatry Winterthur (IPW), Switzerland
  137. 137. Kyambogo University, Department of Sociology and Social Administration, Kampala, Uganda
  138. 138. Stanford University, Department of Psychology, California, United States
  139. 139. Universitare Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel (UPK), Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Basel, Switzerland
  140. 140. Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
  141. 141. Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
  142. 142. Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
  143. 143. University of Basel, Department of Sport, Exercise, Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, Basel, Switzerland
  144. 144. Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
  145. 145. Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah, Iran
  146. 146. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, Iran
  147. 147. Center for Disaster Psychiatry and Disaster Psychology, Psychiatric Clinics of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  148. 148. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
  149. 149. University of Kragujevac, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac, Serbia
  150. 150. University of Antioquia, Department of Psychiatry, Medellin, Colombia
  151. 151. Nous Therapy Center, 1st Aggelaki str, Thessaloniki, 54636, Greece
  152. 152. Jubilee Mission Medical College & Research Institute, Thrissur, India
  153. 153. Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Kerala, Thiruvalla, India
  154. 154. Chairman, Pakistan Psychiatric Research Centre-Fountain House, Lahore, Pakistan
  155. 155. Distinguished National Professor, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
  156. 156. Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, United States
  157. 157. Tees Esk & Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
  158. 158. Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Edo State, Nigeria
  159. 159. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
  160. 160. Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
  161. 161. Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
  162. 162. Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
  163. 163. Oran 1 University, Department of Psychiatry-Addictology, Oran, Algeria
  164. 164. University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
  165. 165. Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, South Korea
  166. 166. Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Wonju, South Korea
  167. 167. University of Monastir, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Research Unit Vulnerability to Mental Disorders LR05ES10, Monastir, Tunisia
  168. 168. Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Mental Health, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  169. 169. Gaza Community Mental Health Programme, Gaza, Palestine
  170. 170. Sheba Medical Center, Israel

Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology Published:2025


Abstract

There is no multi-country/multi-language study testing a-priori multivariable associations between non-modifiable/modifiable factors and validated wellbeing/multidimensional mental health outcomes before/during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, studies during COVID-19 pandemic generally do not report on representative/weighted non-probability samples. The Collaborative Outcomes study on Health and Functioning during Infection Times (COH-FIT) is a multi-country/multi-language survey conducting multivariable/LASSO-regularized regression models and network analyses to identify modifiable/non-modifiable factors associated with wellbeing (WHO-5)/composite psychopathology (P-score) change. It enrolled general population-representative/weighted-non-probability samples (26/04/2020-19/06/2022). Participants included 121,066 adults (age=42±15.9 years, females=64 %, representative sample=29 %) WHO-5/P-score worsened (SMD=0.53/SMD=0.74), especially initially during the pandemic. We identified 15 modifiable/nine non-modifiable risk and 13 modifiable/three non-modifiable protective factors for WHO-5, 16 modifiable/11 non-modifiable risk and 10 modifiable/six non-modifiable protective factors for P-score. The 12 shared risk/protective factors with highest centrality (network-analysis) were, for non-modifiable factors, country income, ethnicity, age, gender, education, mental disorder history, COVID-19-related restrictions, urbanicity, physical disorder history, household room numbers and green space, and socioeconomic status. For modifiable factors, we identified medications, learning, internet, pet-ownership, working and religion as coping strategies, plus pre-pandemic levels of stress, fear, TV, social media or reading time, and COVID-19 information. In multivariable models, for WHO-5, additional non-modifiable factors with |B|>1 were income loss, COVID-19 deaths. For modifiable factors we identified pre-pandemic levels of social functioning, hobbies, frustration and loneliness, and social interactions as coping strategy. For P-scores, additional non-modifiable/modifiable factors were income loss, pre-pandemic infection fear, and social interactions as coping strategy. COH-FIT identified vulnerable sub-populations and actionable individual/environmental factors to protect well-being/mental health during crisis times. Results inform public health policies, and clinical practice. © 2024