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Sulfonamide Resistance Genes (Sul) M in Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (Esbl) and Non-Esbl Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated From Iranian Hospitals Publisher



Arabi H1 ; Pakzad I2, 3 ; Nasrollahi A1 ; Hosainzadegan H4 ; Jalilian FA2 ; Taherikalani M2, 3 ; Samadi N3 ; Sefidan AM5
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Microbiology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Microbiology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  3. 3. Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Basic Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Microbiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology Published:2015


Abstract

Background: Extensive use of cotrimoxazole has been associated with increasing level of Escherichia coli resistance. Objectives: In the current study, we focused on assessing the prevalence of E. coli resistance to cotrimoxazole and frequency of its associated genes. Materials and Methods: One-hundred and forty-four E. coli isolates were identified during March 2007 to April 2012 at Ilam hospitals and Milad (Tehran) hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility for screening of resistance isolates was done by the Kirby-Bauer method. The sull, sul2, sul3, dfrAl, dfrA5, intl, blaTEM, blaSHV and CTX-M genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Plasmid curing was done for identifying correlations between resistance genes and plasmids. Results: Amongst the 144 E. coli isolates, seventy-two (50%) Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)-producing and seventy-two (50%) non-ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were identified; eighty-seven isolates (60.41%) were resistant to cotrimoxazole. Frequencies of sull, sul2 and sul3, were 81% (116 isolates), 67% (96 isolates) and 2.29% (three isolates), respectively. Furthermore, 50.57% (72 isolates) had sull and sul2, 2.29% (3 isolates) contained sul2 and sul3, and 2.29% (three isolates) contained sull, sul2 and sul3 genes, simultaneously. Thirty-four (39.1%) of the isolates had the dfrAl gene. Five (5.7%) of the isolates had the dfrA5 gene. Sixty-eight (78.2%) strains contained the intl gene. Furthermore, dfrAl and dfrA5 were present in three (3.4%) of the isolates. The results showed that of the ESBL-producing isolates, 85.2% (n = 122), 53.2% (n = 76) and 26.1% (n = 37) were blaTEM, blaSHVand CTX-M harboring isolates, respectively. Conclusions: Our study indicated a high frequency of cotrimoxazole resistance gene in E. coli isolates from Ilam and Tehran (Milad) hospitals, and sul genes had a major role in cotrimoxazole resistance of these isolates. © 2015, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.