Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Science Communicator Platform

Stay connected! Follow us on X network (Twitter):
Share this content! On (X network) By
Neck Pain Associated With Smartphone Overuse: Cross-Sectional Report of a Cohort Study Among Office Workers Publisher Pubmed



Derakhshanrad N1 ; Yekaninejad MS2 ; Mehrdad R3 ; Saberi H1
Authors
Show Affiliations
Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Center for Research On Occupational Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: European Spine Journal Published:2021


Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to investigate the extent of smartphone use, possible correlation with neck pain and/or psychological impairment in office workers. Method: A convenience sample of 1,602 office workers who were using smartphone for prolonged periods (≥ 4 years) participated in a cross-sectional report of a cohort study, assessing demographic, abnormal symptoms of pain in the neck, physical activity, and psychological behavior characteristics. Participants were assessed using a short version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-42) questionnaire, as well as International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Multiple logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate the adjusted effect of smartphone overuse on nuchal symptoms. Results: The prevalence of neck pain among the office workers was 30.1%. Significantly more female (33.3% vs. 24.5%) and younger (42.2 vs. 43.2 years) employees reported to have neck pain. Overall in 326 (20.3%, 95% CI: 18.4%–22.4%) of studied subjects had, SAS score ≥ 31 and ≥ 33 for male and females, respectively, and so smartphone overuse (SO) was diagnosed. The results of multiple logistic regression model revealed that those with SO were approximately 6 times more likely to have neck pain (95% CI: 4.44–8.09, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Smartphone overuse in office workers significantly increases the chance of neck pain by 6 times. Hence SO has been associated with, not only somatic complaints, but also psychological distress such as anxiety, stress, and depression. This may necessitate adherence to neck-school, when smartphone use is associated with neck pain. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Related Docs
View other Related Docs
1. Head Forward Flexion, Lateral Bending and Viewing Distance in Smartphone Users: A Comparison Between Sitting and Standing Postures, Work (2020)
2. Persian Version of the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (Spai-Pv): Psychometric Evidence of Validity and Reliability, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction (2023)
3. The Effect of Co Supplementation of Omega-3 and Vitamin D on Cardio Metabolic Risk Factors and Psychological Distress in Reproductive-Aged Women With Prediabetes and Hypovitaminosis D: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial, Trials (2019)
4. The Association of Healthy Lifestyle Score and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, BMC Public Health (2023)
5. No Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Incident Case-Control Study in a Developing Country, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders (2018)
6. The Association of the Healthy Food Diversity Index With the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Among the Adult Population, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN (2024)
7. Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Oxidative Stress, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Diabetic Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial, BMC Nutrition (2025)
8. The Casual Effect of Lifestyle Factors on Outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Techniques: A Protocol Study on Iranian Infertile Couples, Reproductive Health (2018)
Experts (# of related papers)
View all Related Experts
Mohammad Ali Mansournia (6)
Saharnaz Nedjat (6)
Other Related Docs
9. The Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction and Quality of Life Among Students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Addicta: the Turkish Journal on Addictions (2020)
10. Lifestyle Factors and Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Incident Case-Control Study, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders (2018)
11. Smartphone Addiction in Iranian Schoolchildren: A Population-Based Study, Scientific Reports (2024)
12. Temporal Patterns of Energy Intake Identified by the Latent Class Analysis in Relation to Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Iranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2023)
13. Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Iranian Adults, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2023)
14. Interactions Between Vitamin D Binding Protein Variants and Major Dietary Patterns on the Odds of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Apparently Healthy Adults, Diabetology and Metabolic Syndrome (2019)
15. High Levels of Back Disability, Not Back Pain, Are Associated With Reduced Physical Activity Across Key Activity Domains, Musculoskeletal Science and Practice (2023)
16. Effect of a Moderately Carbohydrate-Restricted Diet on Liver Enzymes, Steatosis and Fibrosis in Normal-Weight Individuals With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Study Protocol for a Parallel Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial, BMJ Open (2023)
17. The Effects of Green Cardamom on Blood Glucose Indices, Lipids, Inflammatory Factors, Paraxonase-1, Sirtuin-1, and Irisin in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Obesity: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial, Trials (2017)
18. The Association Between the Nordic-Style Diet Score and Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity in Tehranian Adults, Nutrition Today (2021)
19. Perceived Discomfort, Neck Kinematics, and Muscular Activity During Smartphone Usage: A Comparative Study, Human Factors (2024)
20. Estimating the Marginal Causal Effect of Fish Consumption During Adolescence on Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Incident Case-Control Study, Neuroepidemiology (2018)
21. Covid-19 Related Knowledge, Anxiety, Depression and Physical Activity Among Iranian People With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis During Covid-19 Pandemic: An Online Cross-Sectional Survey, European Journal of Physiotherapy (2023)
22. Carbohydrate Quality Index and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Iranian Adults, BMC Endocrine Disorders (2024)
23. Dietary Networks Identified by Gaussian Graphical Model and General and Abdominal Obesity in Adults, Nutrition Journal (2021)
24. Association of Serum Selenium and Selenoprotein P With Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Biological Trace Element Research (2024)
25. The Joint Association of Serum Vitamin D Status and Cardiorespiratory Fitness With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Tehranian Adults, British Journal of Nutrition (2022)
26. Stress-Full Life Events and Multiple Sclerosis: A Population-Based Incident Case-Control Study, Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders (2018)
27. Higher Dietary Phytochemical Index Is Associated With Lower Odds of Knee Osteoarthritis, Scientific Reports (2022)
28. Interactions Between Vitamin D Binding Protein Variants and Major Dietary Patterns on Mental Health Status in Apparently Healthy Adults, European Journal of Integrative Medicine (2024)
29. The Study of Correlation Between Forward Head Posture and Neck Pain in Iranian Office Workers, International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health (2015)
30. Lifetime Prevalence and Correlates of Smoking Behavior in Iranian Adults' Population; a Cross-Sectional Study, BMC Public Health (2019)
31. Determining the Effect of Sun Exposure and Physical Activity on the Incidence of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, Tehran University Medical Journal (2022)