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Time-Dependent Microglia and Macrophages Response After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in Rat: A Systematic Review Publisher Pubmed



Rezvan M1, 2 ; Meknatkhah S3 ; Hassannejad Z4 ; Sharifalhoseini M2 ; Zadegan SA2 ; Shokraneh F5 ; Vaccaro AR6 ; Lu Y7 ; Rahimimovaghar V2
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Laboratory of Neuro-Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. King's Technology Evaluation Centre (KiTEC), London Institute of Healthcare Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
  6. 6. Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, The Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
  7. 7. Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

Source: Injury Published:2020


Abstract

Objective: To acquire evidence-based knowledge in temporal and spatial patterns of microglia/macrophages changes to facilitate finding proper intervention time for functional restoration after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI). Setting: Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE via Ovid SP with no temporal and linguistic restrictions. Besides, hand-search was performed in the bibliographies of relevant studies. The experimental non-interventional and non-transgenic animal studies confined to the rat species which assess the pathological change of microglia /macrophages at the specified time were included. Results: We found 15,315 non-duplicate studies. Screening through title and abstract narrowed down to 607 relevant articles, 31 of them were selected based on the inclusion criteria. The reactivity of the microglia/macrophages initiates in early hours PI in contusion, compression and transection models. Cells activity reached a maximum within 48 h to 28 days in compression, 7 days in contusion and between 4 and 60 days in transection models. Inflammatory response occurred at the epicenter, in or near the lesion site in both gray and white matter in all three injury models with a maximum extension of one centimeter caudal and rostral to the epicenter in the gray matter in contusion and transection models. Conclusion: This study was designed to study spatial-temporal changes in the activation of microglia/macrophages overtime after TSCI. We were able to demonstrate time-dependent cell morphological changes after TSCI. The peak times of cell reactivity and the areas where the cells responded to the injury were determined. © 2020
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