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Potential Cytotoxicity of Trace Elements and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Bounded to Particulate Matter: A Review on in Vitro Studies on Human Lung Epithelial Cells Publisher Pubmed



Kermani M1, 2 ; Rahmatinia T1, 2 ; Oskoei V3 ; Norzaee S1, 2 ; Shahsavani A4, 5 ; Farzadkia M1, 2 ; Kazemi MH6, 7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  4. 4. Air Quality and Climate Change Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  7. 7. Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research Published:2021


Abstract

A large number of studies have been conducted for clarifying toxicological mechanisms of particulate matter (PM) aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of PM and providing biological endpoints such as inflammation, perturbation of cell cycle, oxidative stress, or DNA damage. However, although several studies have presented some effects, there is still no consensus on the determinants of biological responses. This review attempts to summarize all past research conducted in recent years on the physicochemical properties of environmental PM in different places and the relationship between different PM components and PM potential cytotoxicity on the human lung epithelial cells. Among 447 papers with our initial principles, a total of 50 articles were selected from 1986 to April 2020 based on the chosen criteria for review. According to the results of selected studies, it is obvious that cytotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells is created both directly or indirectly by transition metals (such as Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and ions that formed on the surface of particles. In the selected studies, the findings of the correlation analysis indicate that there is a significant relationship between cell viability reduction and secretion of inflammatory mediators. As a result, it seems that the observed biological responses are related to the composition and the physicochemical properties of the PMs. Therefore, the physicochemical properties of PM should be considered when explaining PM cytotoxicity, and long-term research data will lead to improved strategies to reduce air pollution. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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