N-Nitroso-N-Methyl Urea Publisher



Ghassemibarghi N^{1, 2} ; Bayrami Z^{1, 2}
Source: Encyclopedia of Toxicology# Fourth Edition: Volume 1-9 Published:2023

Abstract

N-Nitroso-N-methyl urea (MNU) is a complete, potent, and direct alkylating agent that interacts with DNA and exerts its toxicity by transferring its methyl group to nucleobases in nucleic acids, causing AT: GC transition mutations. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified MNU as a probable human carcinogen (Group B2). N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea affects several animal organs and causes various cancers (retinal degeneration, brain, spinal cord, esophageal, breast cancer, photoreceptor degeneration, gastric and colorectal malignancies) and degenerative diseases. However, the potential for human exposure is relatively limited, as the chemical is not produced or applied in large amounts. It is a potent carcinogen, mutagen, and teratogen agent. MNU is also a precursor in the synthesis of diazomethane. It is primarily used to induce tumors and has been studied as a chemotherapy agent for cancer treatment. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.