Association Between Carbohydrate Quality Index and General and Central Obesity in Adults: A Population-Based Study in Iran Publisher



Janbozorgi N¹ ; Djafarian K² ; Mohammadpour S¹ ; Abyane MZ¹ ; Zameni M¹ ; Badeli M¹ ; Akbarzade Z¹ ; Clark CCT³ ; Shabbidar S¹ Show Affiliations
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research Published:2021

Abstract

Introduction: To determine whether dietary carbohydrates quality index (CQI), glycemic index, and glycemic load is associated with general and abdominal obesity. Methods: 850 participants, 20 to 59 years old, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from five Tehran districts through health houses. The 168 items in the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were used to assess dietary intake. The CQI was calculated by using the following four components: glycemic index, total fiber, solid carbohydrate to total carbohydrate ratio, and whole grains: total grains ratio. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, the chance of obesity in men (OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.95; P= 0.04) measured by waist circumference (WC) was significantly lower in the fourth quintile of CQI in comparison with the first quintile. In addition, OR for obesity in men (OR = 2.53, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.37; P= 0.04) was significantly 2.5 times higher among those in the fourth quintile of glycemic index compared with those in the lowest quintile. There was no significant association between dietary carbohydrates with general obesity in men and women. Conclusion: In summary, dietary CQI is significantly inversely related to central obesity in men, according to this study. Additionally, adherence to a diet with a higher glycemic index in men is positively associated with central obesity. © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.