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Oral Health Status in the Iranian Elderly: The Role of Nutrition Status and Health Literacy Publisher



Papi S1 ; Izadi M2 ; Behboodi L3 ; Taherikharameh Z4 ; Hosseini F5 ; Yousefi M6 ; Karimi Z7
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Department of Public Health, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
  2. 2. Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare & rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran
  3. 3. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health Tabriz, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  4. 4. Department of Anesthesiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
  5. 5. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  6. 6. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Home Care Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Dezful Branch, Dezful, Iran
  7. 7. Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran

Source: Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery Published:2021


Abstract

Introduction: Oral health plays an important role in determining food intake patterns, meeting nutritional needs, and consequently keeping the health of the elderly and their quality of life. Health literacy is also one of the biggest determinants that significantly impacts disease prevention in the elderly. Objective: This study aimed to determine oral health status and the relationship between health literacy and nutritional status in the elderly referring to health centers in Tabriz City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This research is a cross-sectional analytical study performed on 300 older people in Tabriz in 2020. Data collection tools included the geriatric oral health assessment index, seniors in the community: risk evaluation for eating and nutrition, health literacy for Iranian adults, and demographic information questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics were used to sort out the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was check the data normality, and then simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between variables and control the effect of intervening variables. The level of significance in this study was considered less than 0.05. Results: The Mean±SD age of the elderly was 69.7±6.7 years. The number of men and women participating in this study was equal. A total of 257 people (85.7%) were married. The results showed that the oral health status of 51% of the elderly was below mean, 65.33% of the illiterate, and 69.33% were severely malnourished. Based on the results of multiple regression, the nutritional status of the individuals was a predictor of the oral health score of the elderly (Β=-13.5, 95% CI; -11.3, -15.69, P=0.001). So, people with malnutrition, mildly malnourished, and severely malnourished had lower oral health scores than healthy variables. The R2 value in this study was 0.59. Conclusion: According to the study results and the relationship between malnutrition and health, it is necessary to conduct studies on the factors affecting malnutrition in the intervening on the factors affecting malnutrition, changing the oral health status of their quality of life. © 2021
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