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Car-Nk Cell in Cancer Immunotherapy; a Promising Frontier Publisher Pubmed



Marofi F1 ; Abdulrasheed OF2 ; Rahman HS3 ; Budi HS4 ; Jalil AT5 ; Yumashev AV6 ; Hassanzadeh A7 ; Yazdanifar M8 ; Motavalli R9 ; Chartrand MS10 ; Ahmadi M9 ; Cidarreguid A11 ; Jarahian M12
Authors
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Authors Affiliations
  1. 1. Immunology Research Center (IRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  2. 2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
  3. 3. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Suleimanyah, Suleimanyah, Iraq
  4. 4. Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
  5. 5. Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus
  6. 6. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
  7. 7. Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  8. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
  9. 9. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
  10. 10. DigiCare Behavioral Research, Casa Grande, AZ, United States
  11. 11. Targeted Tumor Vaccines Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
  12. 12. German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), Heidelberg, Germany

Source: Cancer Science Published:2021


Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have a unique facet of synthetic biology and offer a paradigm shift in personalized medicine as they can use and redirect the patient's immune cells to attack cancer cells. CAR-natural killer (NK) cells combine the targeted specificity of antigens with the subsequent intracellular signaling ability of the receptors to increase their anti-cancer functions. Importantly, CAR-NK cells can be utilized as universal cell-based therapy without requiring human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching or earlier contact with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Indeed, CAR-NK cells can be adapted to recognize various antigens, hold higher proliferation capacity, and in vivo persistence, show improved infiltration into the tumors, and the ability to overcome the resistant tumor microenvironment leading to sustained cytotoxicity against tumors. Accumulating evidence from recent in vivo studies rendering CAR-NK cell anti-cancer competencies renewed the attention in the context of cancer immunotherapy, as these redirected effector cells can be used in the development of the “off-the-shelf” anti-cancer immunotherapeutic products. In the current review, we focus on the therapeutic efficacy of CAR-NK cell therapies for treating various human malignancies, including hematological malignancies and solid tumors, and will discuss the recent findings in this regard, with a special focus on animal studies. © 2021 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.
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